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BOUCHE

Elle est désignée, dans l'A.T. et le N.T., par une demi-douzaine de mots originaux (Ex 4:11, Ps 149:6 32:9, Pr 15:14, Da 7:8, Mt 17:27, Jas 3:3, Ap 13:5 et suivant, etc.), mais tous peuvent aussi être employés au sens fig., la bouche (comme aussi la langue et les lèvres) représentant les paroles, et par là le jugement, la sagesse, ou bien la sottise, la folie et même le caractère de la personne qui parle : juste, méchante, perverse, etc (Pr 10:11,14,31 Ps 109:2 Esa 53:9 Jas 3:10 etc.).

Aussi la bouche est-elle mise soit en corrélation, soit en opposition avec le coeur, suivant que les paroles expriment ou déguisent les sentiments (De 30:14, Esa 29:13, Mt 12:34 etc.). L'observation de Sir 28:12 fait penser à la locution proverbiale : « souffler le chaud et le froid » (comp. La Fontaine, Fables, V, 7).

Il est à remarquer que la plupart des passages des évangiles mentionnant la bouche, et un bon nombre de ceux du reste du N.T., sont des citations de l'A.T. (Mt 4:4 21:16, Ac 8:32,2Th 2:8, etc.) ; c'est que l'hébreu fait entrer ce terme dans de nombreuses locutions : celui qui prend la parole\ouvre la bouche, disant... » (Mt 5:2, Ac 8:35 etc.) ; s'entretenir de vive voix, c'est litt. « bouche à bouche » (2Jn 1:12,3Jn 1:14, cf. No 12:8) ; le pouvoir de condamnation que le Christ détient, c'est le glaive de sa bouche (Ap 2:16), etc.

La terre elle-même, en se fissurant, « ouvre sa bouche ». (No 16:32) Ce terme prêtait plus que tout autre à anthropomorphisme dans le peuple à qui Dieu a parlé ; (cf. Heb 11 : et suivant) et la proclamation familière à l'A.T. : « La bouche de JHVH a parlé » (Esa 1:20 34:16 58:14 etc.) a dû contribuer à préparer la mentalité juive à la conception de « la Parole faite chair »

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      11 Yahweh said to him, "Who made man's mouth? Or who makes one mute, or deaf, or seeing, or blind? Isn't it I, Yahweh?

      Nombres 12

      8 With him I will speak mouth to mouth, even plainly, and not in riddles; and he shall see Yahweh's form. Why then were you not afraid to speak against my servant, against Moses?"

      Nombres 16

      32 and the earth opened its mouth, and swallowed them up, and their households, and all the men who appertained to Korah, and all their goods.

      Psaumes 32

      9 Don't be like the horse, or like the mule, which have no understanding, who are controlled by bit and bridle, or else they will not come near to you.

      Psaumes 109

      2 for they have opened the mouth of the wicked and the mouth of deceit against me. They have spoken to me with a lying tongue.

      Psaumes 149

      6 May the high praises of God be in their mouths, and a two-edged sword in their hand;

      Proverbes 10

      11 The mouth of the righteous is a spring of life, but violence covers the mouth of the wicked.
      14 Wise men lay up knowledge, but the mouth of the foolish is near ruin.
      31 The mouth of the righteous brings forth wisdom, but the perverse tongue will be cut off.

      Proverbes 15

      14 The heart of one who has understanding seeks knowledge, but the mouths of fools feed on folly.

      Esaïe 1

      20 but if you refuse and rebel, you shall be devoured with the sword; for the mouth of Yahweh has spoken it."

      Esaïe 29

      13 The Lord said, "Because this people draws near with their mouth and with their lips to honor me, but they have removed their heart far from me, and their fear of me is a commandment of men which has been taught;

      Esaïe 34

      16 Search in the book of Yahweh, and read: not one of these will be missing. none will lack her mate. For my mouth has commanded, and his Spirit has gathered them.

      Esaïe 53

      9 They made his grave with the wicked, and with a rich man in his death; although he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth.

      Esaïe 58

      14 then you shall delight yourself in Yahweh; and I will make you to ride on the high places of the earth; and I will feed you with the heritage of Jacob your father:" for the mouth of Yahweh has spoken it.

      Daniel 7

      8 I considered the horns, and behold, there came up among them another horn, a little one, before which three of the first horns were plucked up by the roots: and behold, in this horn were eyes like the eyes of a man, and a mouth speaking great things.

      Matthieu 4

      4 But he answered, "It is written, 'Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceeds out of the mouth of God.'"

      Matthieu 5

      2 He opened his mouth and taught them, saying,

      Matthieu 12

      34 You offspring of vipers, how can you, being evil, speak good things? For out of the abundance of the heart, the mouth speaks.

      Matthieu 17

      27 But, lest we cause them to stumble, go to the sea, cast a hook, and take up the first fish that comes up. When you have opened its mouth, you will find a stater coin. Take that, and give it to them for me and you."

      Matthieu 21

      16 and said to him, "Do you hear what these are saying?" Jesus said to them, "Yes. Did you never read, 'Out of the mouth of babes and nursing babies you have perfected praise?'"

      Jean 1

      12 But as many as received him, to them he gave the right to become God's children, to those who believe in his name:

      Actes 8

      32 Now the passage of the Scripture which he was reading was this, "He was led as a sheep to the slaughter. As a lamb before his shearer is silent, so he doesn't open his mouth.
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      2 Thessaloniciens 2

      8 Then the lawless one will be revealed, whom the Lord will kill with the breath of his mouth, and destroy by the manifestation of his coming;

      Hébreux 11

      1 Now faith is assurance of things hoped for, proof of things not seen.
      2 For by this, the elders obtained testimony.
      3 By faith, we understand that the universe has been framed by the word of God, so that what is seen has not been made out of things which are visible.
      4 By faith, Abel offered to God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, through which he had testimony given to him that he was righteous, God testifying with respect to his gifts; and through it he, being dead, still speaks.
      5 By faith, Enoch was taken away, so that he wouldn't see death, and he was not found, because God translated him. For he has had testimony given to him that before his translation he had been well pleasing to God.
      6 Without faith it is impossible to be well pleasing to him, for he who comes to God must believe that he exists, and that he is a rewarder of those who seek him.
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      8 By faith, Abraham, when he was called, obeyed to go out to the place which he was to receive for an inheritance. He went out, not knowing where he went.
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      10 For he looked for the city which has the foundations, whose builder and maker is God.
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      14 For those who say such things make it clear that they are seeking a country of their own.
      15 If indeed they had been thinking of that country from which they went out, they would have had enough time to return.
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      18 even he to whom it was said, "In Isaac will your seed be called";
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      20 By faith, Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau, even concerning things to come.
      21 By faith, Jacob, when he was dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph, and worshiped, leaning on the top of his staff.
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      2 Jean 1

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      3 Jean 1

      14 but I hope to see you soon, and we will speak face to face. Peace be to you. The friends greet you. Greet the friends by name.

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      16 Repent therefore, or else I am coming to you quickly, and I will make war against them with the sword of my mouth.

      Apocalypse 13

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