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ENCENS

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Ce mot représente dans nos différentes versions plusieurs termes des textes originaux (voir Aromates, 1 et 4).

1. L'encens proprement dit (hébreu lebonâh, grec libanos) est souvent cité (Ca 3:6 4:6, Sir 38:11 39:14, Bar 1:10, Mt 2:11, Ap 18:13 etc.) ; dans Sir 50:8 et suivant, son rapprochement avec le Liban provient de la ressemblance des deux mots. L' « encens pur » (Ex 30:34) était un mélange de trois produits odoriférants (voir Baumes, 4 et Aromates, 7 et 6) ; plus tard sa préparation fut beaucoup plus compliquée : d'après l'historien Josèphe, l' « encens sacré » était un mélange de treize ingrédients. Cet encens pur était brûlé dans le culte lévitique pour les offrandes à Dieu, ou les oblations (Le 2:1,2,15 6:15, Jug 9:1) ; on l'offrait aussi avec les pains de proposition (Le 24:7,9).

2. Un terme plus général (hébreu qtôreth) désigne surtout les fumées odoriférantes des sacrifices (Esa 1:13, Le 10:1, Ps 66:15 141:2, Eze 8:11 etc.). Voir Fumée.

3. Dans quelques versions, « encens », ordinairement traduit « parfum » (voir ce mot), rend le grec thumiama (Lu 1:9 et suivant, Ap 5:8 8:3 18:13). Dans quelques-uns de ces passages, l'encens devient l'emblème de la prière.

Utilisé avec autorisation de Yves PETRAKIAN

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    • Ces vidéos ne sont pas disponibles en colonnes en dehors de la vue Bible.

      Exode 30

      34 Yahweh said to Moses, "Take to yourself sweet spices, gum resin, and onycha, and galbanum; sweet spices with pure frankincense: there shall be an equal weight of each;

      Lévitique 2

      1 "'When anyone offers an offering of a meal offering to Yahweh, his offering shall be of fine flour; and he shall pour oil on it, and put frankincense on it.
      2 He shall bring it to Aaron's sons, the priests; and he shall take his handful of its fine flour, and of its oil, with all its frankincense; and the priest shall burn its memorial on the altar, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to Yahweh.
      15 You shall put oil on it, and lay frankincense on it: it is a meal offering.

      Lévitique 6

      15 He shall take from there his handful of the fine flour of the meal offering, and of its oil, and all the frankincense which is on the meal offering, and shall burn it on the altar for a pleasant aroma, as its memorial, to Yahweh.

      Lévitique 10

      1 Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, each took his censer, and put fire in it, and laid incense on it, and offered strange fire before Yahweh, which he had not commanded them.

      Lévitique 24

      7 You shall put pure frankincense on each row, that it may be to the bread for a memorial, even an offering made by fire to Yahweh.
      9 It shall be for Aaron and his sons; and they shall eat it in a holy place: for it is most holy to him of the offerings of Yahweh made by fire by a perpetual statute."

      Juges 9

      1 Abimelech the son of Jerubbaal went to Shechem to his mother's brothers, and spoke with them, and with all the family of the house of his mother's father, saying,

      Psaumes 66

      15 I will offer to you burnt offerings of fat animals, with the offering of rams, I will offer bulls with goats. Selah.

      Psaumes 141

      2 Let my prayer be set before you like incense; the lifting up of my hands like the evening sacrifice.

      Cantique 3

      6 Who is this who comes up from the wilderness like pillars of smoke, perfumed with myrrh and frankincense, with all spices of the merchant?

      Cantique 4

      6 Until the day is cool, and the shadows flee away, I will go to the mountain of myrrh, to the hill of frankincense.

      Esaïe 1

      13 Bring no more vain offerings. Incense is an abomination to me; new moons, Sabbaths, and convocations: I can't bear with evil assemblies.

      Ezéchiel 8

      11 There stood before them seventy men of the elders of the house of Israel; and in their midst stood Jaazaniah the son of Shaphan, every man with his censer in his hand; and the odor of the cloud of incense went up.

      Matthieu 2

      11 They came into the house and saw the young child with Mary, his mother, and they fell down and worshiped him. Opening their treasures, they offered to him gifts: gold, frankincense, and myrrh.

      Luc 1

      9 according to the custom of the priest's office, his lot was to enter into the temple of the Lord and burn incense.

      Apocalypse 5

      8 Now when he had taken the book, the four living creatures and the twenty-four elders fell down before the Lamb, each one having a harp, and golden bowls full of incense, which are the prayers of the saints.

      Apocalypse 8

      3 Another angel came and stood over the altar, having a golden censer. Much incense was given to him, that he should add it to the prayers of all the saints on the golden altar which was before the throne.

      Apocalypse 18

      13 and cinnamon, incense, perfume, frankincense, wine, olive oil, fine flour, wheat, sheep, horses, chariots, and people's bodies and souls.
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