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FLEUR

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La fleur est mentionnée dans l'A. T, sous plusieurs noms différents. Le plus commun est celui de pérakh (dérivé de pârakh =germer, bourgeonner), mais sauf No 17:8, Esa 5:24 18:5, Na 1:4, il n'est employé que dans la description des ustensiles du Temple (Ex 25:31,34 37:17 et suivants, etc.).

Les autres noms sont : tsits ; (Esa 40:6, Job 14:2, No 17:8, Ps 103:16,1Ro 6:18,29,32,35, où il désigne des sculptures en forme de fleurs épanouies) tsitsâh (Esa 28:4) ; ces deux mots dérivent de la racine tsouts-- briller, fleurir. Nets , (Ge 40:10) nitsâh (Esa 18:5) et nitsan (Ca 2:12) dérivent de la racine nâtsan =fleurir. L'ornementation florale du Temple prouve que les Israélites étaient sensibles à la beauté des fleurs. Le quatrième livre d'Esd., pseu-dépigraphe, en parle souvent (4Esd 2:19 5 24,36 6:3 - 41, etc.). D'après la Mischna, les premiers fruits offerts devant l'autel lors de la fête des Moissons étaient recouverts de fleurs (Bikkourim, 2:3).

La Palestine est en effet remarquable pour la variété et la beauté de ses fleurs de printemps (Ca 2:12 et suivant), d'ailleurs vite fanées (Na 1:4). C'étaient surtout des anémones, coquelicots, crocus, cyclamens, glaïeuls, iris, jacinthes, rosés et tulipes.

La Bible ne les décrit pas, mais célèbre leur grâce et leur éclat (Ca 2:12, Sir 50:8, Mt 6:28, Lu 12:27) et en fait un symbole de la brièveté, soit de la vie (Job 14:2, Ps 103:15, Esa 40:7), soit de la gloire ou de la beauté (Esa 28:1,4)., 4 Esd 15:50 (Jas 1:10,1Pi 1:24), Les apocryphes parlent encore : d'Esther dans la fleur de la beauté, (Add-Est 5:5) des fleurs de la sagesse qui fructifient (Sir 24:17), et de la fleur de l'air (Sag 2:7), expression obscure qu' Apocr, interprète comme une métaphore poétique désignant le printemps. Ch. -Ed. M.

Utilisé avec autorisation de Yves PETRAKIAN

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      Genèse 40

      10 and in the vine were three branches. It was as though it budded, it blossomed, and its clusters produced ripe grapes.

      Exode 25

      31 "You shall make a lampstand of pure gold. Of hammered work shall the lampstand be made, even its base, its shaft, its cups, its buds, and its flowers, shall be of one piece with it.
      34 and in the lampstand four cups made like almond blossoms, its buds and its flowers;

      Exode 37

      17 He made the lampstand of pure gold. He made the lampstand of beaten work. Its base, its shaft, its cups, its buds, and its flowers were of one piece with it.

      Nombres 17

      8 It happened on the next day, that Moses went into the tent of the testimony; and behold, the rod of Aaron for the house of Levi was budded, and put forth buds, and produced blossoms, and bore ripe almonds.

      Esther 5

      5 Then the king said, "Bring Haman quickly, so that it may be done as Esther has said." So the king and Haman came to the banquet that Esther had prepared.

      Job 14

      2 He comes forth like a flower, and is cut down. He also flees like a shadow, and doesn't continue.

      Psaumes 103

      1 <> Praise Yahweh, my soul! All that is within me, praise his holy name!
      15 As for man, his days are like grass. As a flower of the field, so he flourishes.
      16 For the wind passes over it, and it is gone. Its place remembers it no more.

      Cantique 2

      12 The flowers appear on the earth. The time of the singing has come, and the voice of the turtledove is heard in our land.

      Esaïe 5

      24 Therefore as the tongue of fire devours the stubble, and as the dry grass sinks down in the flame, so their root shall be as rottenness, and their blossom shall go up as dust; because they have rejected the law of Yahweh of Armies, and despised the word of the Holy One of Israel.

      Esaïe 18

      5 For before the harvest, when the blossom is over, and the flower becomes a ripening grape, he will cut off the sprigs with pruning hooks, and he will cut down and take away the spreading branches.

      Esaïe 28

      1 Woe to the crown of pride of the drunkards of Ephraim, and to the fading flower of his glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fertile valley of those who are overcome with wine!
      4 The fading flower of his glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fertile valley, shall be like the first-ripe fig before the summer; which someone picks and eats as soon as he sees it.

      Esaïe 40

      6 The voice of one saying, "Cry!" One said, "What shall I cry?" "All flesh is like grass, and all its glory is like the flower of the field.
      7 The grass withers, the flower fades, because Yahweh's breath blows on it. Surely the people are like grass.

      Nahum 1

      4 He rebukes the sea, and makes it dry, and dries up all the rivers. Bashan languishes, and Carmel; and the flower of Lebanon languishes.

      Matthieu 6

      28 Why are you anxious about clothing? Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow. They don't toil, neither do they spin,

      Luc 12

      27 Consider the lilies, how they grow. They don't toil, neither do they spin; yet I tell you, even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these.

      Romains 6

      18 Being made free from sin, you became bondservants of righteousness.

      Jacques 1

      10 and the rich, in that he is made humble, because like the flower in the grass, he will pass away.

      1 Pierre 1

      24 For, "All flesh is like grass, and all of man's glory like the flower in the grass. The grass withers, and its flower falls;
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