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FOUR

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Nos versions ont des traductions variables pour divers mots hébreux. Le plus fréquent est le four de boulanger (Os 7:4,8), ou four tout court (Ex 8:3, Le 2:4 26:26, Ne 3:11, Mt 6:30 etc.), parfois portatif (voir Pain) ; la Vers. Syn. a « brasier » dans Ge 15:17 et « fournaise » là où le mot est pris au figuré (Ps 21:10, Esa 31:9, La 5:10, Mal 4:1).

Il s'agit le plus souvent d'un « vase de terre portatif, ordinairement en forme de tronc de cône, employé aujourd'hui encore en Orient ; on le chauffe à l'intérieur, puis on applique contre les parois brûlantes des rondelles de pâte, qui forment les gâteaux ou galettes » (Bbl. Cent.).

C'est au four de fonderie que l'Egypte est comparée ; (De 4:20,1Ro 8:51, Jer 11:4) le même mot est traduit ailleurs « fourneau » ou « creuset » (Pr 17:3 27:21, Esa 48:10, Eze 22:18-22) ; il s'applique quelques fois au feu de la forge (Sir 31:26 38:28 43:4). Le sens de creuset est supposé dans Ps 12:7, texte sans doute altéré. Dans Ge 19:28, Ex 9:8,10 19:18, il s'agit plutôt du four à chaux ou à poteries. Quant aux « fours à briques », c'étaient probablement des « moules à briques », et il est vraisemblable qu'il faut lire dans 2Sa 12:31 : « ... les fit travailler au moule à briques », et non plus : « ... les fit jeter dans des fours à briques » (voy. Sg. rév., note 2). Voir Fournaise.

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    • Ces vidéos ne sont pas disponibles en colonnes en dehors de la vue Bible.

      Genèse 15

      17 It came to pass that, when the sun went down, and it was dark, behold, a smoking furnace, and a flaming torch passed between these pieces.

      Genèse 19

      28 He looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain, and looked, and saw that the smoke of the land went up as the smoke of a furnace.

      Exode 8

      3 and the river shall swarm with frogs, which shall go up and come into your house, and into your bedroom, and on your bed, and into the house of your servants, and on your people, and into your ovens, and into your kneading troughs:

      Exode 9

      8 Yahweh said to Moses and to Aaron, "Take to you handfuls of ashes of the furnace, and let Moses sprinkle it toward the sky in the sight of Pharaoh.
      10 They took ashes of the furnace, and stood before Pharaoh; and Moses sprinkled it up toward the sky; and it became a boil breaking out with boils on man and on animal.

      Exode 19

      18 Mount Sinai, all it, smoked, because Yahweh descended on it in fire; and its smoke ascended like the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mountain quaked greatly.

      Lévitique 2

      4 "'When you offer an offering of a meal offering baked in the oven, it shall be unleavened cakes of fine flour mixed with oil, or unleavened wafers anointed with oil.

      Lévitique 26

      26 When I break your staff of bread, ten women shall bake your bread in one oven, and they shall deliver your bread again by weight: and you shall eat, and not be satisfied.

      2 Samuel 12

      31 He brought out the people who were therein, and put them under saws, and under iron picks, and under axes of iron, and made them pass through the brick kiln: and he did so to all the cities of the children of Ammon. David and all the people returned to Jerusalem.

      Néhémie 3

      11 Malchijah the son of Harim, and Hasshub the son of Pahathmoab, repaired another portion, and the tower of the furnaces.

      Psaumes 12

      7 You will keep them, Yahweh. You will preserve them from this generation forever.

      Psaumes 21

      10 You will destroy their descendants from the earth, their posterity from among the children of men.

      Proverbes 17

      3 The refining pot is for silver, and the furnace for gold, but Yahweh tests the hearts.

      Proverbes 27

      21 The crucible is for silver, and the furnace for gold; but man is refined by his praise.

      Esaïe 31

      9 His rock will pass away by reason of terror, and his princes will be afraid of the banner," says Yahweh, whose fire is in Zion, and his furnace in Jerusalem.

      Esaïe 48

      10 Behold, I have refined you, but not as silver; I have chosen you in the furnace of affliction.

      Jérémie 11

      4 which I commanded your fathers in the day that I brought them forth out of the land of Egypt, out of the iron furnace, saying, Obey my voice, and do them, according to all which I command you: so you shall be my people, and I will be your God;

      Lamentations 5

      10 Our skin is black like an oven, Because of the burning heat of famine.

      Ezéchiel 22

      18 Son of man, the house of Israel has become dross to me: all of them are brass and tin and iron and lead, in the midst of the furnace; they are the dross of silver.
      19 Therefore thus says the Lord Yahweh: Because you have all become dross, therefore, behold, I will gather you into the midst of Jerusalem.
      20 As they gather silver and brass and iron and lead and tin into the midst of the furnace, to blow the fire on it, to melt it; so will I gather you in my anger and in my wrath, and I will lay you there, and melt you.
      21 Yes, I will gather you, and blow on you with the fire of my wrath, and you shall be melted in its midst.
      22 As silver is melted in the midst of the furnace, so you will be melted in its midst; and you will know that I, Yahweh, have poured out my wrath on you.

      Osée 7

      4 They are all adulterers. They are burning like an oven that the baker stops stirring, from the kneading of the dough, until it is leavened.
      8 Ephraim, he mixes himself among the nations. Ephraim is a pancake not turned over.

      Malachie 4

      1 "For, behold, the day comes, it burns as a furnace; and all the proud, and all who work wickedness, will be stubble; and the day that comes will burn them up," says Yahweh of Armies, "that it shall leave them neither root nor branch.

      Matthieu 6

      30 But if God so clothes the grass of the field, which today exists, and tomorrow is thrown into the oven, won't he much more clothe you, you of little faith?
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