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Dictionnaire Biblique de Top Bible

HAMOR ou HÉMOR

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Père de Sichem, Hévien, prince du pays (Ge 33:19 Ge 34, Jos 24:32, Jug 9:28, Ac 7:16). D'après Ge 33:19 (E), Jacob, à son retour de Mésopotamie, acheta pour s'y établir un terrain aux « fils de Hamor » près de Sichem. C'est dans ce terrain, d'après Jos 24:32 (JE), que furent déposés les restes de Joseph. Dans le discours d'Etienne (Ac 7:18), il est dit que le champ de Hémor fut acheté par Abraham et servit de sépulture à Jacob et à ses fils ; il y a là sans doute une confusion avec le champ d'Éphron, le Héthien, et la caverne de Macpéla (voy. Ge 23:17 50:13 48:22 (E), rappelé par Jn 4:5, parle de ce même terrain comme s'il avait été conquis à main armée par Jacob sur les Amoréens. Dans les fragments de Ge 34 attribués à P (voir 1, 2, 4, 6, 8-10, 13-18, 20-24, 27-29)

Hamor joue un grand rôle (voir Dina) : c'est lui qui vient demander la main de Dina pour son fils et proposer à Jacob une alliance ; il expose ensuite aux hommes de Sichem les conditions des fils de Jacob, et il obtient qu'ils s'y soumettent en se faisant circoncire. Le fait que Hamor signifie âne a donné lieu à l'hypothèse selon laquelle ce nom représenterait un clan totémique (voir Animal).

Utilisé avec autorisation de Yves PETRAKIAN

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Versets relatifs

    • Genèse 23

      17 So the field of Ephron, which was in Machpelah, which was before Mamre, the field, the cave which was in it, and all the trees that were in the field, that were in all of its borders, were deeded

      Genèse 33

      19 He bought the parcel of ground where he had spread his tent, at the hand of the children of Hamor, Shechem's father, for one hundred pieces of money.

      Genèse 34

      1 Dinah, the daughter of Leah, whom she bore to Jacob, went out to see the daughters of the land.
      2 Shechem the son of Hamor the Hivite, the prince of the land, saw her. He took her, lay with her, and humbled her.
      3 His soul joined to Dinah, the daughter of Jacob, and he loved the young lady, and spoke kindly to the young lady.
      4 Shechem spoke to his father, Hamor, saying, "Get me this young lady as a wife."
      5 Now Jacob heard that he had defiled Dinah, his daughter; and his sons were with his livestock in the field. Jacob held his peace until they came.
      6 Hamor the father of Shechem went out to Jacob to talk with him.
      7 The sons of Jacob came in from the field when they heard it. The men were grieved, and they were very angry, because he had done folly in Israel in lying with Jacob's daughter; a which thing ought not to be done.
      8 Hamor talked with them, saying, "The soul of my son, Shechem, longs for your daughter. Please give her to him as a wife.
      9 Make marriages with us. Give your daughters to us, and take our daughters for yourselves.
      10 You shall dwell with us, and the land will be before you. Live and trade in it, and get possessions in it."
      11 Shechem said to her father and to her brothers, "Let me find favor in your eyes, and whatever you will tell me I will give.
      12 Ask me a great amount for a dowry, and I will give whatever you ask of me, but give me the young lady as a wife."
      13 The sons of Jacob answered Shechem and Hamor his father with deceit, and spoke, because he had defiled Dinah their sister,
      14 and said to them, "We can't do this thing, to give our sister to one who is uncircumcised; for that is a reproach to us.
      15 Only on this condition will we consent to you. If you will be as we are, that every male of you be circumcised;
      16 then will we give our daughters to you, and we will take your daughters to us, and we will dwell with you, and we will become one people.
      17 But if you will not listen to us, to be circumcised, then we will take our sister, and we will be gone."
      18 Their words pleased Hamor and Shechem, Hamor's son.
      19 The young man didn't wait to do this thing, because he had delight in Jacob's daughter, and he was honored above all the house of his father.
      20 Hamor and Shechem, his son, came to the gate of their city, and talked with the men of their city, saying,
      21 "These men are peaceful with us. Therefore let them live in the land and trade in it. For behold, the land is large enough for them. Let us take their daughters to us for wives, and let us give them our daughters.
      22 Only on this condition will the men consent to us to live with us, to become one people, if every male among us is circumcised, as they are circumcised.
      23 Won't their livestock and their possessions and all their animals be ours? Only let us give our consent to them, and they will dwell with us."
      24 All who went out of the gate of his city listened to Hamor, and to Shechem his son; and every male was circumcised, all who went out of the gate of his city.
      25 It happened on the third day, when they were sore, that two of Jacob's sons, Simeon and Levi, Dinah's brothers, each took his sword, came upon the unsuspecting city, and killed all the males.
      26 They killed Hamor and Shechem, his son, with the edge of the sword, and took Dinah out of Shechem's house, and went away.
      27 Jacob's sons came on the dead, and plundered the city, because they had defiled their sister.
      28 They took their flocks, their herds, their donkeys, that which was in the city, that which was in the field,
      29 and all their wealth. They took captive all their little ones and their wives, and took as plunder everything that was in the house.
      30 Jacob said to Simeon and Levi, "You have troubled me, to make me odious to the inhabitants of the land, among the Canaanites and the Perizzites. I am few in number. They will gather themselves together against me and strike me, and I will be destroyed, I and my house."
      31 They said, "Should he deal with our sister as with a prostitute?"

      Genèse 48

      22 Moreover I have given to you one portion above your brothers, which I took out of the hand of the Amorite with my sword and with my bow."

      Genèse 50

      13 for his sons carried him into the land of Canaan, and buried him in the cave of the field of Machpelah, which Abraham bought with the field, for a possession of a burial site, from Ephron the Hittite, before Mamre.

      Josué 24

      32 They buried the bones of Joseph, which the children of Israel brought up out of Egypt, in Shechem, in the parcel of ground which Jacob bought of the sons of Hamor the father of Shechem for a hundred pieces of money. They became the inheritance of the children of Joseph.

      Juges 9

      28 Gaal the son of Ebed said, "Who is Abimelech, and who is Shechem, that we should serve him? Isn't he the son of Jerubbaal? and Zebul his officer? Serve the men of Hamor the father of Shechem: but why should we serve him?

      Jean 4

      5 So he came to a city of Samaria, called Sychar, near the parcel of ground that Jacob gave to his son, Joseph.

      Actes 7

      16 and they were brought back to Shechem, and laid in the tomb that Abraham bought for a price in silver from the children of Hamor of Shechem.
      18 until there arose a different king, who didn't know Joseph.
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