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Merci à Bibles et Publications Chrétiennes pour la conception du processus d’affichage DYS.

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HUMILIATION, HUMILIER

L'abaissement matériel ou moral évoqué par ces termes doit être soigneusement distingué de la vertu de l'humilité (voir ce mot). Il s'agit de situation douloureuse et d'affront pour les individus (Job 22:29 30:11), de défaite et d'oppression pour les peuples (Jug 3:30 8:28, Na 1:12 etc.).

Ces malheurs sont souvent attribués à la volonté divine, pour éprouver (Ps 107:12,39, Esa 53:4) ou pour châtier (Pr 14:19, Esa 2:11, 2Ma 8:35) ; non que le Seigneur puisse y prendre plaisir (La 3:33), mais pour que l'appel de la douleur à la conscience du pécheur amène celui-ci à s'humilier (De 8:2,16, Le 26:41), à reconnaître et déplorer son péché devant Dieu (Ex 10:3,1Ro 21:29, Esa 30:15, Da 5:22 10:12 etc.).

Esdras, humilié par l'infidélité de son peuple (Esd 9:5), lui prescrit une manifestation collective d'humiliation et de jeûne (Esd 8 :, cf. Jug 4:9). Le prophète de l'exil veut une humiliation et un jeûne qui s'expriment en dévouement personnel à tous les malheureux, humiliés eux-mêmes (Esa 58:3,7). L'auteur de Jas 1:9 et suivant paraît « entendre à la fois l'humilité de la condition et l'humilité du coeur » (Bbl. Cent.). C'est à travers l'humiliation volontaire du repentir que le coeur humilié par Dieu devient le coeur humble devant Dieu : voir la parabole de l'enfant prodigue (Lu 15:14,19).

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      Exode 10

      1 Yahweh said to Moses, "Go in to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I may show these my signs in their midst,
      3 Moses and Aaron went in to Pharaoh, and said to him, "This is what Yahweh, the God of the Hebrews, says: 'How long will you refuse to humble yourself before me? Let my people go, that they may serve me.

      Lévitique 26

      41 I also walked contrary to them, and brought them into the land of their enemies: if then their uncircumcised heart is humbled, and they then accept the punishment of their iniquity;

      Juges 3

      30 So Moab was subdued that day under the hand of Israel. The land had rest eighty years.

      Juges 4

      9 She said, "I will surely go with you: nevertheless, the journey that you take shall not be for your honor; for Yahweh will sell Sisera into the hand of a woman." Deborah arose, and went with Barak to Kedesh.

      Juges 8

      28 So Midian was subdued before the children of Israel, and they lifted up their heads no more. The land had rest forty years in the days of Gideon.

      Esdras 8

      1 Now these are the heads of their fathers' households, and this is the genealogy of those who went up with me from Babylon, in the reign of Artaxerxes the king:
      2 Of the sons of Phinehas, Gershom. Of the sons of Ithamar, Daniel. Of the sons of David, Hattush.
      3 Of the sons of Shecaniah, of the sons of Parosh, Zechariah; and with him were reckoned by genealogy of the males one hundred fifty.
      4 Of the sons of Pahathmoab, Eliehoenai the son of Zerahiah; and with him two hundred males.
      5 Of the sons of Shecaniah, the son of Jahaziel; and with him three hundred males.
      6 Of the sons of Adin, Ebed the son of Jonathan; and with him fifty males.
      7 Of the sons of Elam, Jeshaiah the son of Athaliah; and with him seventy males.
      8 Of the sons of Shephatiah, Zebadiah the son of Michael; and with him eighty males.
      9 Of the sons of Joab, Obadiah the son of Jehiel; and with him two hundred and eighteen males.
      10 Of the sons of Shelomith, the son of Josiphiah; and with him one hundred sixty males.
      11 Of the sons of Bebai, Zechariah the son of Bebai; and with him twenty-eight males.
      12 Of the sons of Azgad, Johanan the son of Hakkatan; and with him one hundred ten males.
      13 Of the sons of Adonikam, who were the last; and these are their names: Eliphelet, Jeuel, and Shemaiah; and with them sixty males.
      14 Of the sons of Bigvai, Uthai and Zabbud; and with them seventy males.
      15 I gathered them together to the river that runs to Ahava; and there we encamped three days: and I viewed the people, and the priests, and found there none of the sons of Levi.
      16 Then sent I for Eliezer, for Ariel, for Shemaiah, and for Elnathan, and for Jarib, and for Elnathan, and for Nathan, and for Zechariah, and for Meshullam, chief men; also for Joiarib, and for Elnathan, who were teachers.
      17 I sent them forth to Iddo the chief at the place Casiphia; and I told them what they should tell Iddo, and his brothers the Nethinim, at the place Casiphia, that they should bring to us ministers for the house of our God.
      18 According to the good hand of our God on us they brought us a man of discretion, of the sons of Mahli, the son of Levi, the son of Israel; and Sherebiah, with his sons and his brothers, eighteen;
      19 and Hashabiah, and with him Jeshaiah of the sons of Merari, his brothers and their sons, twenty;
      20 and of the Nethinim, whom David and the princes had given for the service of the Levites, two hundred and twenty Nethinim: all of them were mentioned by name.
      21 Then I proclaimed a fast there, at the river Ahava, that we might humble ourselves before our God, to seek of him a straight way for us, and for our little ones, and for all our substance.
      22 For I was ashamed to ask of the king a band of soldiers and horsemen to help us against the enemy in the way, because we had spoken to the king, saying, "The hand of our God is on all those who seek him, for good; but his power and his wrath is against all those who forsake him."
      23 So we fasted and begged our God for this: and he was entreated of us.
      24 Then I set apart twelve of the chiefs of the priests, even Sherebiah, Hashabiah, and ten of their brothers with them,
      25 and weighed to them the silver, and the gold, and the vessels, even the offering for the house of our God, which the king, and his counselors, and his princes, and all Israel there present, had offered:
      26 I weighed into their hand six hundred fifty talents of silver, and silver vessels one hundred talents; of gold one hundred talents;
      27 and twenty bowls of gold, of one thousand darics; and two vessels of fine bright brass, precious as gold.
      28 I said to them, "You are holy to Yahweh, and the vessels are holy; and the silver and the gold are a freewill offering to Yahweh, the God of your fathers.
      29 Watch, and keep them, until you weigh them before the chiefs of the priests and the Levites, and the princes of the fathers' households of Israel, at Jerusalem, in the rooms of the house of Yahweh."
      30 So the priests and the Levites received the weight of the silver and the gold, and the vessels, to bring them to Jerusalem to the house of our God.
      31 Then we departed from the river Ahava on the twelfth day of the first month, to go to Jerusalem: and the hand of our God was on us, and he delivered us from the hand of the enemy and the bandit by the way.
      32 We came to Jerusalem, and stayed there three days.
      33 On the fourth day the silver and the gold and the vessels were weighed in the house of our God into the hand of Meremoth the son of Uriah the priest; and with him was Eleazar the son of Phinehas; and with them was Jozabad the son of Jeshua, and Noadiah the son of Binnui, the Levite;
      34 the whole by number and by weight: and all the weight was written at that time.
      35 The children of the captivity, who had come out of exile, offered burnt offerings to the God of Israel, twelve bulls for all Israel, ninety-six rams, seventy-seven lambs, and twelve male goats for a sin offering: all this was a burnt offering to Yahweh.
      36 They delivered the king's commissions to the king's satraps, and to the governors beyond the River: and they furthered the people and God's house.

      Esdras 9

      5 At the evening offering I arose up from my humiliation, even with my garment and my robe torn; and I fell on my knees, and spread out my hands to Yahweh my God;

      Job 22

      29 When they cast down, you shall say, 'be lifted up.' He will save the humble person.

      Job 30

      11 For he has untied his cord, and afflicted me; and they have thrown off restraint before me.

      Psaumes 107

      12 Therefore he brought down their heart with labor. They fell down, and there was none to help.
      39 Again, they are diminished and bowed down through oppression, trouble, and sorrow.

      Proverbes 14

      19 The evil bow down before the good, and the wicked at the gates of the righteous.

      Esaïe 2

      11 The lofty looks of man will be brought low, the haughtiness of men will be bowed down, and Yahweh alone will be exalted in that day.

      Esaïe 30

      15 For thus said the Lord Yahweh, the Holy One of Israel, "You will be saved in returning and rest. Your strength will be in quietness and in confidence." You refused,

      Esaïe 53

      4 Surely he has borne our sickness, and carried our suffering; yet we considered him plagued, struck by God, and afflicted.

      Esaïe 58

      3 'Why have we fasted,' say they, 'and you don't see? Why have we afflicted our soul, and you take no knowledge?' "Behold, in the day of your fast you find pleasure, and exact all your labors.
      7 Isn't it to distribute your bread to the hungry, and that you bring the poor who are cast out to your house? When you see the naked, that you cover him; and that you not hide yourself from your own flesh?

      Lamentations 3

      33 For he does not afflict willingly, nor grieve the children of men.

      Daniel 5

      22 You, his son, Belshazzar, have not humbled your heart, though you knew all this,

      Daniel 10

      12 Then he said to me, Don't be afraid, Daniel; for from the first day that you set your heart to understand, and to humble yourself before your God, your words were heard: and I have come for your words' sake.

      Nahum 1

      12 Thus says Yahweh: "Though they be in full strength, and likewise many, even so they will be cut down, and he shall pass away. Though I have afflicted you, I will afflict you no more.

      Luc 15

      14 When he had spent all of it, there arose a severe famine in that country, and he began to be in need.
      19 I am no more worthy to be called your son. Make me as one of your hired servants."'

      Jacques 1

      9 But let the brother in humble circumstances glory in his high position;
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