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JOIE

Tout être humain aspire à la joie et se sent fait pour elle. L'Écriture en apporte à l'homme le secret.

Il est à remarquer que l'hébreu, quoique langue pauvre, possède de nombreux termes exprimant la joie (simkhâh, le plus courant, sâsôn, mâsôs, gîl, etc.). D'autre part le message chrétien est tellement un message de joie qu'il utilise tous les mots que le grec peut lui fournir (khara, le plus fréquent, agalliasis, kaukhèma, euphrosuné, etc.).

Le croyant DOIT SE REJOUIR. Les exhortations à la joie retentissent partout dans l'A. T, et le N.T., dans le livre des Psaumes en particulier : « Vous tous, habitants de la terre, faites monter vos cris d'allégresse jusqu'à l'Éternel ! Servez l'Éternel avec joie ! » (Ps 100:1 et suivant ; voir encore Ps 32:11 33:1 97:12 132:9, etc., De 28:47) et dans les ép. de saint Paul : « Réjouissez-vous » (Php 2:18 3:1 4:4,2Co 13:11 1Th 5:16 etc.). Ainsi la joie est l'état normal de l'enfant de Dieu. « Les saints tristes, dit saint François de Sales, sont de tristes saints » ; et Vinet : « La foi peut être sans allégresse et sans transport ; mais la foi sans joie n'est pas la foi. »

La source de la joie est EN DIEU, car l'âme a été faite pour Dieu et c'est en Dieu seul qu'elle trouve son objet : « Dieu, ma joie », s'écrie le psalmiste (Ps 43:4 16:9,11). Le croyant de l'ancienne alliance trouve sa joie dans les bienfaits de Dieu (Ps 13:6 35:9 81:2-16 113:9 149:1-4, Esa 25:9 44:23 49:13, etc.), dans sa loi (Ps 119:14,16,24,35,47,70), dans son pardon (Ps 32:1-5 51:10), dans ses promesses (Esa 9:1 et suivant Esa 35:10 42:10-13 51:11 66:10), dans sa présence (Ps 4:6-8 16:11, etc.).

Dieu se révélant d'une manière parfaite EN JESUS-CHRIST, c'est celui-ci qui devient pour le chrétien d'une manière plus particulière la source de la joie. La joie chrétienne a quelque chose de plus intense, de plus profond, de plus pur que celle de la piété juive. Elle est associée à la conversion (Ac 2:46 16:34,1Th 1:6) et au don du Saint-Esprit (Ro 14:17, Ga 5:22, Eph 5:18-20) ; elle trouve son aliment dans les triomphes du Christ sur la terre (Phi 1:18, Ac 11:23 15:3), dans les espérances célestes (Mt 25:21,23, Lu 10:20, Jn 4:36, Ro 12:12,1Pi 4:13), dans la communion fraternelle (Ro 12:15,2Co 7, Phi 2:1-4, 2Jn 1:4, 3Jn 1:4), dans l'amour du Christ (Jn 15:9-14, Ro 8:31,39)

L'Évangile ne prétend pas affranchir l'homme de LA SOUFFRANCE, mais, au sein même de la souffrance, il apporte le secret de la joie et parfois il en fait un sujet de joie. Jésus l'affirme dans le discours qui inaugura son enseignement : « Heureux ceux qui pleurent, heureux les persécutés » (Mt 5:4,10). Il le répète à la fin : « Votre tristesse sera changée en joie » (Jn 16:20-22,24 Ro 5:3-5,11,1Pi 1:6-9, Jas 1:2).

Non seulement l'Écriture nous exhorte à la joie et nous en apporte le secret, mais elle joint au précepte L'EXEMPLE,

(a) Le livre des Actes nous montre la joie surhumaine des premiers chrétiens au milieu des persécutions et des difficultés de toutes sortes (Ac 2:46 5:41 13:52). L'apôtre Paul est devenu le modèle classique de cette joie qui triomphe des tristesses du monde. L'épître aux Philippiens en particulier, écrite pourtant à un des moments les plus douloureux de la vie de l'apôtre, est un hymne de joie.

(b) La révélation la plus haute de la joie nous est donnée par la vie de Jésus lui-même. Les évangélistes l'ont dépeint plutôt sous l'aspect de 1' « homme de douleur ». Ils avaient de bonnes raisons pour cela. Mais il ne faut pas négliger un autre aspect de la figure de Jésus, qui nous est révélé par une lecture attentive des évangiles, le Jésus rayonnant. Celui qui a formulé les Béatitudes (voir ce mot) s'y connaissait. Bien des détails des évangiles laissent entendre que l'activité de Jésus s'est déroulée dans la joie (Mr 2:18-22, Mt 6:16,25-34 11:16-19 Lu 10:21 Jn 2:1-11) La joie qui émanait de lui et qui contrastait avec l'attitude des gens religieux de son entourage était, sans aucun doute, un des secrets de son attrait sur les hommes. Pendant les derniers jours de sa vie terrestre, elle ne s'est pas démentie. Dans la chambre haute, il demande encore à Dieu pour ses disciples la plénitude de sa joie (Jn 17:13, cf. Jn 15:11). Si Jésus a été l'être le plus éprouvé et le plus affligé, il a été en même temps le plus joyeux.

(c) La joie n'est-elle pas d'ailleurs un des attributs de Dieu, et Jésus ne nous révèle-t-il pas dans les paraboles de la brebis perdue et du fils perdu un Dieu qui souffre par amour, mais qui, dans l'amour même, connaît, avec les anges, la plénitude de la joie ? (Lu 15:7,10,24)

Les biographies et les mémoires des CHRETIENS FERVENTS sont remplis de témoignages de cette joie, qu'elle se manifeste éclatante aux jours de la conversion, ou, calme et continue, dans le cours de la vie chrétienne. Nous nous bornerons à en rappeler deux : L'histoire de saint François d'Assise, par exemple, renferme une admirable illustration, entre tant d'autres, de cette vérité que la joie la plus haute s'atteint dans et par la souffrance. Alors que saint François cheminait un jour avec frère Léon, il expliquait à ce dernier que la joie chrétienne ne consistait pas dans la sainteté, dans le don de guérison et de miracle, dans la science de tous les mystères, ni même dans le pouvoir de convertir les hommes ; et comme le moine s'étonnait et demandait en quoi consiste donc la joie parfaite, le saint reprit : « Si, au lieu de nous recevoir au couvent où nous allons arriver, on nous jetait à la porte dans la neige et dans le froid en nous rouant de coups, et si nous supportions cela patiemment et gaiement en songeant aux souffrances du Christ et en nous disant combien c'est chose bonne pour nous de souffrir par amour pour lui, ô frère Léon, écoute-moi bien, c'est en cela que consisterait la joie parfaite » (Fioretti, ch. IX).

Rappelons-nous enfin le cri pathétique qui termine le mémorial de Pascal : « Joie, joie, joie, pleurs de joie. »

Voir Contentement d'esprit, Paix. Jean M.

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      Psaumes 4

      6 Many say, "Who will show us any good?" Yahweh, let the light of your face shine on us.
      7 You have put gladness in my heart, more than when their grain and their new wine are increased.
      8 In peace I will both lay myself down and sleep, for you, Yahweh alone, make me live in safety.

      Psaumes 13

      6 I will sing to Yahweh, because he has been good to me.

      Psaumes 16

      9 Therefore my heart is glad, and my tongue rejoices. My body shall also dwell in safety.
      11 You will show me the path of life. In your presence is fullness of joy. In your right hand there are pleasures forevermore.

      Psaumes 32

      1 <> Blessed is he whose disobedience is forgiven, whose sin is covered.
      2 Blessed is the man to whom Yahweh doesn't impute iniquity, in whose spirit there is no deceit.
      3 When I kept silence, my bones wasted away through my groaning all day long.
      4 For day and night your hand was heavy on me. My strength was sapped in the heat of summer. Selah.
      5 I acknowledged my sin to you. I didn't hide my iniquity. I said, I will confess my transgressions to Yahweh, and you forgave the iniquity of my sin. Selah.
      11 Be glad in Yahweh, and rejoice, you righteous! Shout for joy, all you who are upright in heart!

      Psaumes 33

      1 Rejoice in Yahweh, you righteous! Praise is fitting for the upright.

      Psaumes 35

      9 My soul shall be joyful in Yahweh. It shall rejoice in his salvation.

      Psaumes 43

      4 Then I will go to the altar of God, to God, my exceeding joy. I will praise you on the harp, God, my God.

      Psaumes 51

      10 Create in me a clean heart, O God. Renew a right spirit within me.

      Psaumes 81

      2 Raise a song, and bring here the tambourine, the pleasant lyre with the harp.

      Psaumes 97

      12 Be glad in Yahweh, you righteous people! Give thanks to his holy Name.

      Psaumes 100

      Psaumes 113

      9 He settles the barren woman in her home, as a joyful mother of children. Praise Yah!

      Psaumes 119

      14 I have rejoiced in the way of your testimonies, as much as in all riches.
      16 I will delight myself in your statutes. I will not forget your word.
      24 Indeed your statutes are my delight, and my counselors.
      35 Direct me in the path of your commandments, for I delight in them.
      47 I will delight myself in your commandments, because I love them.
      70 Their heart is as callous as the fat, but I delight in your law.

      Psaumes 132

      9 Let your priest be clothed with righteousness. Let your saints shout for joy!"

      Psaumes 149

      1 Praise Yahweh! Sing to Yahweh a new song, his praise in the assembly of the saints.

      Esaïe 9

      1 But there shall be no more gloom for her who was in anguish. In the former time, he brought into contempt the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali; but in the latter time he has made it glorious, by the way of the sea, beyond the Jordan, Galilee of the nations.

      Esaïe 25

      9 It shall be said in that day, "Behold, this is our God! We have waited for him, and he will save us! This is Yahweh! We have waited for him. We will be glad and rejoice in his salvation!"

      Esaïe 35

      10 The Yahweh's ransomed ones will return, and come with singing to Zion; and everlasting joy will be on their heads. They will obtain gladness and joy, and sorrow and sighing will flee away."

      Esaïe 42

      10 Sing to Yahweh a new song, and his praise from the end of the earth, you who go down to the sea, and all that is therein, the islands and their inhabitants.

      Esaïe 44

      23 Sing, you heavens, for Yahweh has done it! Shout, you lower parts of the earth! Break out into singing, you mountains, O forest, all of your trees, for Yahweh has redeemed Jacob, and will glorify himself in Israel.

      Esaïe 49

      13 Sing, heavens; and be joyful, earth; and break forth into singing, mountains: for Yahweh has comforted his people, and will have compassion on his afflicted.

      Esaïe 51

      11 The ransomed of Yahweh shall return, and come with singing to Zion; and everlasting joy shall be on their heads. They shall obtain gladness and joy. Sorrow and sighing shall flee away.

      Esaïe 66

      10 "Rejoice with Jerusalem, and be glad for her, all you who love her: rejoice for joy with her, all you who mourn over her;

      Matthieu 5

      4 Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted.
      10 Blessed are those who have been persecuted for righteousness' sake, for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven.

      Matthieu 6

      16 "Moreover when you fast, don't be like the hypocrites, with sad faces. For they disfigure their faces, that they may be seen by men to be fasting. Most certainly I tell you, they have received their reward.
      25 Therefore I tell you, don't be anxious for your life: what you will eat, or what you will drink; nor yet for your body, what you will wear. Isn't life more than food, and the body more than clothing?

      Matthieu 11

      16 "But to what shall I compare this generation? It is like children sitting in the marketplaces, who call to their companions

      Matthieu 25

      21 "His lord said to him, 'Well done, good and faithful servant. You have been faithful over a few things, I will set you over many things. Enter into the joy of your lord.'
      23 "His lord said to him, 'Well done, good and faithful servant. You have been faithful over a few things, I will set you over many things. Enter into the joy of your lord.'

      Marc 2

      18 John's disciples and the Pharisees were fasting, and they came and asked him, "Why do John's disciples and the disciples of the Pharisees fast, but your disciples don't fast?"
      19 Jesus said to them, "Can the groomsmen fast while the bridegroom is with them? As long as they have the bridegroom with them, they can't fast.
      20 But the days will come when the bridegroom will be taken away from them, and then will they fast in that day.
      21 No one sews a piece of unshrunk cloth on an old garment, or else the patch shrinks and the new tears away from the old, and a worse hole is made.
      22 No one puts new wine into old wineskins, or else the new wine will burst the skins, and the wine pours out, and the skins will be destroyed; but they put new wine into fresh wineskins."

      Luc 10

      20 Nevertheless, don't rejoice in this, that the spirits are subject to you, but rejoice that your names are written in heaven."
      21 In that same hour Jesus rejoiced in the Holy Spirit, and said, "I thank you, O Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that you have hidden these things from the wise and understanding, and revealed them to little children. Yes, Father, for so it was well-pleasing in your sight."

      Luc 15

      7 I tell you that even so there will be more joy in heaven over one sinner who repents, than over ninety-nine righteous people who need no repentance.
      10 Even so, I tell you, there is joy in the presence of the angels of God over one sinner repenting."
      24 for this, my son, was dead, and is alive again. He was lost, and is found.' They began to celebrate.

      Jean 1

      4 In him was life, and the life was the light of men.

      Jean 2

      1 The third day, there was a marriage in Cana of Galilee. Jesus' mother was there.
      2 Jesus also was invited, with his disciples, to the marriage.
      3 When the wine ran out, Jesus' mother said to him, "They have no wine."
      4 Jesus said to her, "Woman, what does that have to do with you and me? My hour has not yet come."
      5 His mother said to the servants, "Whatever he says to you, do it."
      6 Now there were six water pots of stone set there after the Jews' way of purifying, containing two or three metretes apiece.
      7 Jesus said to them, "Fill the water pots with water." They filled them up to the brim.
      8 He said to them, "Now draw some out, and take it to the ruler of the feast." So they took it.
      9 When the ruler of the feast tasted the water now become wine, and didn't know where it came from (but the servants who had drawn the water knew), the ruler of the feast called the bridegroom,
      10 and said to him, "Everyone serves the good wine first, and when the guests have drunk freely, then that which is worse. You have kept the good wine until now!"
      11 This beginning of his signs Jesus did in Cana of Galilee, and revealed his glory; and his disciples believed in him.

      Jean 4

      36 He who reaps receives wages, and gathers fruit to eternal life; that both he who sows and he who reaps may rejoice together.

      Jean 15

      9 Even as the Father has loved me, I also have loved you. Remain in my love.
      10 If you keep my commandments, you will remain in my love; even as I have kept my Father's commandments, and remain in his love.
      11 I have spoken these things to you, that my joy may remain in you, and that your joy may be made full.
      12 "This is my commandment, that you love one another, even as I have loved you.
      13 Greater love has no one than this, that someone lay down his life for his friends.
      14 You are my friends, if you do whatever I command you.

      Jean 16

      20 Most certainly I tell you, that you will weep and lament, but the world will rejoice. You will be sorrowful, but your sorrow will be turned into joy.
      21 A woman, when she gives birth, has sorrow, because her time has come. But when she has delivered the child, she doesn't remember the anguish any more, for the joy that a human being is born into the world.
      22 Therefore you now have sorrow, but I will see you again, and your heart will rejoice, and no one will take your joy away from you.
      24 Until now, you have asked nothing in my name. Ask, and you will receive, that your joy may be made full.

      Jean 17

      13 But now I come to you, and I say these things in the world, that they may have my joy made full in themselves.

      Actes 2

      46 Day by day, continuing steadfastly with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread at home, they took their food with gladness and singleness of heart,

      Actes 5

      41 They therefore departed from the presence of the council, rejoicing that they were counted worthy to suffer dishonor for Jesus' name.

      Actes 11

      23 who, when he had come, and had seen the grace of God, was glad. He exhorted them all, that with purpose of heart they should remain near to the Lord.

      Actes 13

      52 The disciples were filled with joy with the Holy Spirit.

      Actes 15

      3 They, being sent on their way by the assembly, passed through both Phoenicia and Samaria, declaring the conversion of the Gentiles. They caused great joy to all the brothers.

      Actes 16

      34 He brought them up into his house, and set food before them, and rejoiced greatly, with all his household, having believed in God.

      Romains 5

      3 Not only this, but we also rejoice in our sufferings, knowing that suffering works perseverance;
      4 and perseverance, proven character; and proven character, hope:
      5 and hope doesn't disappoint us, because God's love has been poured out into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who was given to us.
      11 Not only so, but we also rejoice in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received the reconciliation.

      Romains 8

      31 What then shall we say about these things? If God is for us, who can be against us?
      39 nor height, nor depth, nor any other created thing, will be able to separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.

      Romains 12

      12 rejoicing in hope; enduring in troubles; continuing steadfastly in prayer;
      15 Rejoice with those who rejoice. Weep with those who weep.

      Romains 14

      17 for the Kingdom of God is not eating and drinking, but righteousness, peace, and joy in the Holy Spirit.

      2 Corinthiens 7

      1 Having therefore these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all defilement of flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God.
      2 Open your hearts to us. We wronged no one. We corrupted no one. We took advantage of no one.
      3 I say this not to condemn you, for I have said before, that you are in our hearts to die together and live together.
      4 Great is my boldness of speech toward you. Great is my boasting on your behalf. I am filled with comfort. I overflow with joy in all our affliction.
      5 For even when we had come into Macedonia, our flesh had no relief, but we were afflicted on every side. Fightings were outside. Fear was inside.
      6 Nevertheless, he who comforts the lowly, God, comforted us by the coming of Titus;
      7 and not by his coming only, but also by the comfort with which he was comforted in you, while he told us of your longing, your mourning, and your zeal for me; so that I rejoiced still more.
      8 For though I made you sorry with my letter, I do not regret it, though I did regret it. For I see that my letter made you sorry, though just for a while.
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