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JUDAS

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L'hébreu Yehouda, devenu en grec Ioudas ou louda, est transcrit en franc. Judas, Juda ou Jude. Pour la transcription Juda, voir ce mot ; la transcr. Judas se trouve soit dans les Apocryphes, soit dans le Nouveau Testament.

I Dans les Apocryphes.

Nom de divers personnages :

1. Judas Macchabée, troisième fils de Mattathias ; voir (1Ma 2:4) Macchabées.

2. Capitaine de Jonathan (1Ma 11:70).

3. Fils de Simon Macchabée (1Ma 16:2) ; fut assassiné avec son père et un de ses frères (1Ma 16:11-17).

4. Le Judas, haut personnage qui parle au nom des Judéens dans leur deuxième lettre aux Juif, d'Egypte (2Ma 1:10), est probablement le n° 1.

II Dans le Nouveau Testament.

Les personnages de ce nom sont appelés en franc, tantôt Judes tantôt Judas.

1. Judas l'Iscariote. Voir l'art, suivant.

2. Judas fils de Jacques : l'un des Douze (Lu 6:16). Voir Jude, 1.

3. Judas frère du Seigneur (Mr 6:3). Voir Jude, 2.

4. Judas le Galiléen. Cité par Gamaliel (Ac 5:3). Originaire de Gamala, à l'Est du lac de Génézareth, il réussit à soulever en Galilée une révolte contre Rome à l'occasion d'un recensement ordonné par l'empereur Auguste en l'an 7 ap. J. -C. (voir Auguste). Fl. Josèphe écrit (G.J., II, 8:1) : « Sous l'administration de Coponius, un Galiléen du nom de Judas excita à la défection les indigènes, leur faisant honte de payer le tribut aux Romains et de supporter, outre Dieu, des maîtres mortels. » Cette tentative fut noyée dans le sang après la mort du chef. Ses partisans formèrent un véritable parti nationaliste de patriotes fanatisés dans la haine des Romains et souvent révoltés : les Zélotes ; un des apôtres de Jésus, Simon, en était (voir Cananéen).

5. Judas, Juif de Damas. C'est chez lui, rue Droite, que Saul de Tarse, après la vision de sa conversion, demeura et reçut la visite d'Ananias (Ac 9 : et suivants).

6. Judas Barsabas (Ac 15:22). Voir Jude, 3.

Utilisé avec autorisation de Yves PETRAKIAN

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      Marc 6

      3 Isn't this the carpenter, the son of Mary, and brother of James, Joses, Judah, and Simon? Aren't his sisters here with us?" They were offended at him.

      Luc 6

      16 Judas the son of James; and Judas Iscariot, who also became a traitor.

      Actes 5

      3 But Peter said, "Ananias, why has Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit, and to keep back part of the price of the land?

      Actes 9

      1 But Saul, still breathing threats and slaughter against the disciples of the Lord, went to the high priest,
      2 and asked for letters from him to the synagogues of Damascus, that if he found any who were of the Way, whether men or women, he might bring them bound to Jerusalem.
      3 As he traveled, it happened that he got close to Damascus, and suddenly a light from the sky shone around him.
      4 He fell on the earth, and heard a voice saying to him, "Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me?"
      5 He said, "Who are you, Lord?" The Lord said, "I am Jesus, whom you are persecuting.
      6 But rise up, and enter into the city, and you will be told what you must do."
      7 The men who traveled with him stood speechless, hearing the sound, but seeing no one.
      8 Saul arose from the ground, and when his eyes were opened, he saw no one. They led him by the hand, and brought him into Damascus.
      9 He was without sight for three days, and neither ate nor drank.
      10 Now there was a certain disciple at Damascus named Ananias. The Lord said to him in a vision, "Ananias!" He said, "Behold, it's me, Lord."
      11 The Lord said to him, "Arise, and go to the street which is called Straight, and inquire in the house of Judah for one named Saul, a man of Tarsus. For behold, he is praying,
      12 and in a vision he has seen a man named Ananias coming in, and laying his hands on him, that he might receive his sight."
      13 But Ananias answered, "Lord, I have heard from many about this man, how much evil he did to your saints at Jerusalem.
      14 Here he has authority from the chief priests to bind all who call on your name."
      15 But the Lord said to him, "Go your way, for he is my chosen vessel to bear my name before the nations and kings, and the children of Israel.
      16 For I will show him how many things he must suffer for my name's sake."
      17 Ananias departed, and entered into the house. Laying his hands on him, he said, "Brother Saul, the Lord, who appeared to you on the road by which you came, has sent me, that you may receive your sight, and be filled with the Holy Spirit."
      18 Immediately something like scales fell from his eyes, and he received his sight. He arose and was baptized.
      19 He took food and was strengthened. Saul stayed several days with the disciples who were at Damascus.
      20 Immediately in the synagogues he proclaimed the Christ, that he is the Son of God.
      21 All who heard him were amazed, and said, "Isn't this he who in Jerusalem made havoc of those who called on this name? And he had come here intending to bring them bound before the chief priests!"
      22 But Saul increased more in strength, and confounded the Jews who lived at Damascus, proving that this is the Christ.
      23 When many days were fulfilled, the Jews conspired together to kill him,
      24 but their plot became known to Saul. They watched the gates both day and night that they might kill him,
      25 but his disciples took him by night, and let him down through the wall, lowering him in a basket.
      26 When Saul had come to Jerusalem, he tried to join himself to the disciples; but they were all afraid of him, not believing that he was a disciple.
      27 But Barnabas took him, and brought him to the apostles, and declared to them how he had seen the Lord in the way, and that he had spoken to him, and how at Damascus he had preached boldly in the name of Jesus.
      28 He was with them entering into Jerusalem,
      29 preaching boldly in the name of the Lord Jesus. He spoke and disputed against the Hellenists, but they were seeking to kill him.
      30 When the brothers knew it, they brought him down to Caesarea, and sent him off to Tarsus.
      31 So the assemblies throughout all Judea and Galilee and Samaria had peace, and were built up. They were multiplied, walking in the fear of the Lord and in the comfort of the Holy Spirit.
      32 It happened, as Peter went throughout all those parts, he came down also to the saints who lived at Lydda.
      33 There he found a certain man named Aeneas, who had been bedridden for eight years, because he was paralyzed.
      34 Peter said to him, "Aeneas, Jesus Christ heals you. Get up and make your bed!" Immediately he arose.
      35 All who lived at Lydda and in Sharon saw him, and they turned to the Lord.
      36 Now there was at Joppa a certain disciple named Tabitha, which when translated, means Dorcas. This woman was full of good works and acts of mercy which she did.
      37 It happened in those days that she fell sick, and died. When they had washed her, they laid her in an upper room.
      38 As Lydda was near Joppa, the disciples, hearing that Peter was there, sent two men to him, imploring him not to delay in coming to them.
      39 Peter got up and went with them. When he had come, they brought him into the upper room. All the widows stood by him weeping, and showing the coats and garments which Dorcas had made while she was with them.
      40 Peter put them all out, and kneeled down and prayed. Turning to the body, he said, "Tabitha, get up!" She opened her eyes, and when she saw Peter, she sat up.
      41 He gave her his hand, and raised her up. Calling the saints and widows, he presented her alive.
      42 And it became known throughout all Joppa, and many believed in the Lord.
      43 It happened, that he stayed many days in Joppa with one Simon, a tanner.

      Actes 15

      22 Then it seemed good to the apostles and the elders, with the whole assembly, to choose men out of their company, and send them to Antioch with Paul and Barnabas: Judas called Barsabbas, and Silas, chief men among the brothers.

      Jude 1

      1 Jude, a servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, to those who are called, sanctified by God the Father, and kept for Jesus Christ:
      2 Mercy to you and peace and love be multiplied.
      3 Beloved, while I was very eager to write to you about our common salvation, I was constrained to write to you exhorting you to contend earnestly for the faith which was once for all delivered to the saints.
      4 For there are certain men who crept in secretly, even those who were long ago written about for this condemnation: ungodly men, turning the grace of our God into indecency, and denying our only Master, God, and Lord, Jesus Christ.
      5 Now I desire to remind you, though you already know this, that the Lord, having saved a people out of the land of Egypt, afterward destroyed those who didn't believe.
      6 Angels who didn't keep their first domain, but deserted their own dwelling place, he has kept in everlasting bonds under darkness for the judgment of the great day.
      7 Even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities around them, having, in the same way as these, given themselves over to sexual immorality and gone after strange flesh, are set forth as an example, suffering the punishment of eternal fire.
      8 Yet in the same way, these also in their dreaming defile the flesh, despise authority, and slander celestial beings.
      9 But Michael, the archangel, when contending with the devil and arguing about the body of Moses, dared not bring against him an abusive condemnation, but said, "May the Lord rebuke you!"
      10 But these speak evil of whatever things they don't know. What they understand naturally, like the creatures without reason, they are destroyed in these things.
      11 Woe to them! For they went in the way of Cain, and ran riotously in the error of Balaam for hire, and perished in Korah's rebellion.
      12 These are hidden rocky reefs in your love feasts when they feast with you, shepherds who without fear feed themselves; clouds without water, carried along by winds; autumn leaves without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by the roots;
      13 wild waves of the sea, foaming out their own shame; wandering stars, for whom the blackness of darkness has been reserved forever.
      14 About these also Enoch, the seventh from Adam, prophesied, saying, "Behold, the Lord came with ten thousands of his holy ones,
      15 to execute judgment on all, and to convict all the ungodly of all their works of ungodliness which they have done in an ungodly way, and of all the hard things which ungodly sinners have spoken against him."
      16 These are murmurers and complainers, walking after their lusts (and their mouth speaks proud things), showing respect of persons to gain advantage.
      17 But you, beloved, remember the words which have been spoken before by the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ.
      18 They said to you that "In the last time there will be mockers, walking after their own ungodly lusts."
      19 These are they who cause divisions, and are sensual, not having the Spirit.
      20 But you, beloved, keep building up yourselves on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Spirit.
      21 Keep yourselves in the love of God, looking for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ to eternal life.
      22 On some have compassion, making a distinction,
      23 and some save, snatching them out of the fire with fear, hating even the clothing stained by the flesh.
      24 Now to him who is able to keep them from stumbling, and to present you faultless before the presence of his glory in great joy,
      25 to God our Savior, who alone is wise, be glory and majesty, dominion and power, both now and forever. Amen.
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