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LUD, LUDIM

Probablement le singulier et le pluriel du même nom propre, qui serait alors nommé deux fois dans la Table des Peuples.

1. Ge 10:22 (P) donne Lud pour fils de Sem. (cf. 1Ch 1:17) On y voit généralement Lydus, le légendaire ancêtre patronymique des Lydiens ; ceux-ci, quoique n'étant aucunement de souche sémitique, peuvent être nommés ici à cause de leur origine asiatique et de leur contact avec les Assyriens, qui étaient des Sémites. On a aussi pensé à un territoire des Loubdou, entre le haut Tigre et l'Euphrate.

2. Ge 10:13 (J) donne Ludim pour issu de Mitsraïm, c-à-d, de l'Egypte. (cf. 1Ch 1:11) Ce peuple ne pourrait donc être qu'africain. Aussi beaucoup d'auteurs, lisant ici Loubitn au lieu de Louditn, y voient-ils des Libyens (voir ce mot) ; en ce cas, ces derniers seraient désignés d'abord comme Loudim, puis comme Léhabim, ce qui est encore une difficulté. La même correction qu'on fait aussi du mot Lydiens dans Jer 46 Eze 27:10 30:5 se heurterait à la présence de deux peuples libyens dans la même énumération ; elle ne s'y impose donc sans doute pas, non plus que dans le passage analogue Esa 66:19. Ces 4 textes des prophéties peuvent désigner les Lydiens proprement dits, célèbre nation d'Asie Mineure ; mais toutes ces suppositions restent encore fort douteuses. Voir Lydie.

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      Genèse 10

      13 Mizraim became the father of Ludim, Anamim, Lehabim, Naphtuhim,
      22 The sons of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arpachshad, Lud, and Aram.

      1 Chroniques 1

      11 Mizraim became the father of Ludim, and Anamim, and Lehabim, and Naphtuhim,
      17 The sons of Shem: Elam, and Asshur, and Arpachshad, and Lud, and Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Meshech.

      Esaïe 66

      19 "I will set a sign among them, and I will send such as escape of them to the nations, to Tarshish, Pul, and Lud, who draw the bow, to Tubal and Javan, to the islands afar off, who have not heard my fame, neither have seen my glory; and they shall declare my glory among the nations.

      Jérémie 46

      1 The word of Yahweh which came to Jeremiah the prophet concerning the nations.
      2 Of Egypt: concerning the army of Pharaoh Necoh king of Egypt, which was by the river Euphrates in Carchemish, which Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon struck in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah.
      3 Prepare the buckler and shield, and draw near to battle!
      4 Harness the horses, and get up, you horsemen, and stand forth with your helmets; furbish the spears, put on the coats of mail.
      5 Why have I seen it? they are dismayed and are turned backward; and their mighty ones are beaten down, and have fled apace, and don't look back: terror is on every side, says Yahweh.
      6 Don't let the swift flee away, nor the mighty man escape; in the north by the river Euphrates have they stumbled and fallen.
      7 Who is this who rises up like the Nile, whose waters toss themselves like the rivers?
      8 Egypt rises up like the Nile, and his waters toss themselves like the rivers: and he says, I will rise up, I will cover the earth; I will destroy cities and its inhabitants.
      9 Go up, you horses; and rage, you chariots; and let the mighty men go forth: Cush and Put, who handle the shield; and the Ludim, who handle and bend the bow.
      10 For that day is of the Lord, Yahweh of Armies, a day of vengeance, that he may avenge him of his adversaries: and the sword shall devour and be satiate, and shall drink its fill of their blood; for the Lord, Yahweh of Armies, has a sacrifice in the north country by the river Euphrates.
      11 Go up into Gilead, and take balm, virgin daughter of Egypt: in vain do you use many medicines; there is no healing for you.
      12 The nations have heard of your shame, and the earth is full of your cry; for the mighty man has stumbled against the mighty, they are fallen both of them together.
      13 The word that Yahweh spoke to Jeremiah the prophet, how that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon should come and strike the land of Egypt.
      14 Declare in Egypt, and publish in Migdol, and publish in Memphis and in Tahpanhes: say, Stand forth, and prepare; for the sword has devoured around you.
      15 Why are your strong ones swept away? they didn't stand, because Yahweh pushed them.
      16 He made many to stumble, yes, they fell one on another: and they said, Arise, and let us go again to our own people, and to the land of our birth, from the oppressing sword.
      17 They cried there, Pharaoh king of Egypt is but a noise; he has let the appointed time pass by.
      18 As I live, says the King, whose name is Yahweh of Armies, surely like Tabor among the mountains, and like Carmel by the sea, so shall he come.
      19 You daughter who dwells in Egypt, furnish yourself to go into captivity; for Memphis shall become a desolation, and shall be burnt up, without inhabitant.
      20 Egypt is a very beautiful heifer; but destruction out of the north has come, it has come.
      21 Also her hired men in the midst of her are like calves of the stall; for they also are turned back, they are fled away together, they didn't stand: for the day of their calamity has come on them, the time of their visitation.
      22 The sound of it shall go like the serpent; for they shall march with an army, and come against her with axes, as wood cutters.
      23 They shall cut down her forest, says Yahweh, though it can't be searched; because they are more than the locusts, and are innumerable.
      24 The daughter of Egypt shall be disappointed; she shall be delivered into the hand of the people of the north.
      25 Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel, says: Behold, I will punish Amon of No, and Pharaoh, and Egypt, with her gods, and her kings; even Pharaoh, and those who trust in him:
      26 and I will deliver them into the hand of those who seek their lives, and into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and into the hand of his servants; and afterwards it shall be inhabited, as in the days of old, says Yahweh.
      27 But don't you be afraid, Jacob my servant, neither be dismayed, Israel: for, behold, I will save you from afar, and your seed from the land of their captivity; and Jacob shall return, and shall be quiet and at ease, and none shall make him afraid.
      28 Don't you be afraid, O Jacob my servant, says Yahweh; for I am with you: for I will make a full end of all the nations where I have driven you; but I will not make a full end of you, but I will correct you in measure, and will in no way leave you unpunished.

      Ezéchiel 27

      10 Persia and Lud and Put were in your army, your men of war: they hanged the shield and helmet in you; they set forth your comeliness.

      Ezéchiel 30

      5 Ethiopia, and Put, and Lud, and all the mixed people, and Cub, and the children of the land that is allied with them, shall fall with them by the sword.
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