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PLAISIR

Ancien infinitif du verbe plaire (du latin placere) ; d'où l'expression « prendre plaisir », équival. à « se plaire ». L'A. T, emploie fréquemment cette expression en parlant de Dieu. « Dieu prend plaisir à la miséricorde », etc. (Mic 7:18 =Mt 9:13, cf. De 28:63 30:9, Ps 5:5 149:4, Esa 38:17 42:1 58:5, Jer 32:41).

Quand il s'agit de l'homme, « plaisir » désigne l'impression agréable qui se dégage pour lui d'un acte ou d'une circonstance. Le plaisir en soi n'a donc pas de couleur morale. Il est licite ou coupable, permis ou défendu suivant la nature de l'acte ou de la circonstance.

En outre il peut être utile ou nuisible suivant l'esprit qu'on y apporte ou l'usage qu'on en fait. Le croyant met son plaisir en l'Éternel (Esa 58:14, cf. Ro 7:22), à l'observation du sabbat (Esa 58:13), à la célébration des fêtes religieuses (2Ch 30:23). La foule écoutait Jésus avec plaisir (Mr 12:37).

Par contre, dans le coeur de ceux qui sont attachés aux biens d'ici-bas, les « plaisirs de cette vie » étouffent la bonne semence de l'Évangile (Lu 8:14). 2Pi 2:13 parle de ceux qui trouvent leur plaisir dans « les délices du jour » (Sg.). Il s'agit ici des plaisirs du monde définis dans 1Jn 2:16.

Le monde étant « soumis à la puissance du Malin » (1Jn 5:19), le chrétien est appelé sans cesse à vivre en réaction contre le monde, à lutter, à souffrir, à porter dans le monde « l'opprobre du Christ » (Heb 13:13). Le goût du plaisir le détourne de ce devoir ; il est donc la marque de l'égoïsme et de la frivolité. Bien des gens qui ont entendu l'appel de Christ et qui n'ont pas le courage d'y répondre se jettent dans les plaisirs pour s'étourdir et s'évader d'eux-mêmes.

L'abus du plaisir est un dissolvant de l'âme. Par l'abus, un plaisir même légitime devient condamnable ; et que dire de l'abus des autres plaisirs, de ceux qui naissent de nos passions (voir ce mot) ? Pascal observe (Pensées, XXV, 6) : « Il n'est pas honteux de succomber sous la douleur et il est honteux de succomber sous le plaisir. » Pourquoi ? Parce que la douleur, au contraire du plaisir, n'a rien qui nous flatte et nous attire. Quand l'homme accepte la voie de la douleur jusqu'à y mourir, il témoigne qu'il est son maître ; tandis que l'homme qui succombe sous le plaisir meurt en esclave. « Il n'y a que la maîtrise qui fait la gloire et que la servitude qui fait la honte. » L'homme se juge par le plaisir qu'il recherche. D'ailleurs rien n'est décevant comme de chercher à se satisfaire par le plaisir. L'Ecclésiaste en a dit depuis longtemps la vanité (Ec 2, cf. Pr 21:17, Ap 18:7, etc.). Vauvenargues posait bien la question (Max., 195) quand il écrivait : « Lorsque les plaisirs nous ont épuisés, nous croyons avoir épuisé les plaisirs et nous disons que rien ne peut remplir le coeur de l'homme. » A quoi le poète chrétien a répondu dans le cantique de Bost :

Rien ne pourra remplir ce coeur toujours avide Que la seule beauté pour laquelle il est fait.

Jésus a dit : « Venez à moi et vous trouverez le repos de vos âmes ». (Mt 11:28 et suivant) Il faut choisir entre les plaisirs et les béatitudes. (Mt 5:3 et suivants)

Alex. W.

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      2 Chroniques 30

      23 The whole assembly took counsel to keep other seven days; and they kept another seven days with gladness.

      Psaumes 5

      5 The arrogant shall not stand in your sight. You hate all workers of iniquity.

      Psaumes 149

      4 For Yahweh takes pleasure in his people. He crowns the humble with salvation.

      Proverbes 21

      17 He who loves pleasure shall be a poor man. He who loves wine and oil shall not be rich.

      Ecclésiaste 2

      1 I said in my heart, "Come now, I will test you with mirth: therefore enjoy pleasure"; and behold, this also was vanity.
      2 I said of laughter, "It is foolishness"; and of mirth, "What does it accomplish?"
      3 I searched in my heart how to cheer my flesh with wine, my heart yet guiding me with wisdom, and how to lay hold of folly, until I might see what it was good for the sons of men that they should do under heaven all the days of their lives.
      4 I made myself great works. I built myself houses. I planted myself vineyards.
      5 I made myself gardens and parks, and I planted trees in them of all kinds of fruit.
      6 I made myself pools of water, to water from it the forest where trees were reared.
      7 I bought male servants and female servants, and had servants born in my house. I also had great possessions of herds and flocks, above all who were before me in Jerusalem;
      8 I also gathered silver and gold for myself, and the treasure of kings and of the provinces. I got myself male and female singers, and the delights of the sons of men--musical instruments, and that of all sorts.
      9 So I was great, and increased more than all who were before me in Jerusalem. My wisdom also remained with me.
      10 Whatever my eyes desired, I didn't keep from them. I didn't withhold my heart from any joy, for my heart rejoiced because of all my labor, and this was my portion from all my labor.
      11 Then I looked at all the works that my hands had worked, and at the labor that I had labored to do; and behold, all was vanity and a chasing after wind, and there was no profit under the sun.
      12 I turned myself to consider wisdom, madness, and folly: for what can the king's successor do? Just that which has been done long ago.
      13 Then I saw that wisdom excels folly, as far as light excels darkness.
      14 The wise man's eyes are in his head, and the fool walks in darkness--and yet I perceived that one event happens to them all.
      15 Then I said in my heart, "As it happens to the fool, so will it happen even to me; and why was I then more wise?" Then I said in my heart that this also is vanity.
      16 For of the wise man, even as of the fool, there is no memory for ever, since in the days to come all will have been long forgotten. Indeed, the wise man must die just like the fool!
      17 So I hated life, because the work that is worked under the sun was grievous to me; for all is vanity and a chasing after wind.
      18 I hated all my labor in which I labored under the sun, because I must leave it to the man who comes after me.
      19 Who knows whether he will be a wise man or a fool? Yet he will have rule over all of my labor in which I have labored, and in which I have shown myself wise under the sun. This also is vanity.
      20 Therefore I began to cause my heart to despair concerning all the labor in which I had labored under the sun.
      21 For there is a man whose labor is with wisdom, with knowledge, and with skillfulness; yet he shall leave it for his portion to a man who has not labored for it. This also is vanity and a great evil.
      22 For what has a man of all his labor, and of the striving of his heart, in which he labors under the sun?
      23 For all his days are sorrows, and his travail is grief; yes, even in the night his heart takes no rest. This also is vanity.
      24 There is nothing better for a man than that he should eat and drink, and make his soul enjoy good in his labor. This also I saw, that it is from the hand of God.
      25 For who can eat, or who can have enjoyment, more than I?
      26 For to the man who pleases him, God gives wisdom, knowledge, and joy; but to the sinner he gives travail, to gather and to heap up, that he may give to him who pleases God. This also is vanity and a chasing after wind.

      Esaïe 38

      17 Behold, for peace I had great anguish, but you have in love for my soul delivered it from the pit of corruption; for you have cast all my sins behind your back.

      Esaïe 42

      1 "Behold, my servant, whom I uphold; my chosen, in whom my soul delights-- I have put my Spirit on him. He will bring justice to the nations.

      Esaïe 58

      5 Is such the fast that I have chosen? the day for a man to afflict his soul? Is it to bow down his head as a rush, and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him? Will you call this a fast, and an acceptable day to Yahweh?
      13 "If you turn away your foot from the Sabbath, from doing your pleasure on my holy day; and call the Sabbath a delight, and the holy of Yahweh honorable; and shall honor it, not doing your own ways, nor finding your own pleasure, nor speaking your own words:
      14 then you shall delight yourself in Yahweh; and I will make you to ride on the high places of the earth; and I will feed you with the heritage of Jacob your father:" for the mouth of Yahweh has spoken it.

      Jérémie 32

      41 Yes, I will rejoice over them to do them good, and I will plant them in this land assuredly with my whole heart and with my whole soul.

      Michée 7

      18 Who is a God like you, who pardons iniquity, and passes over the disobedience of the remnant of his heritage? He doesn't retain his anger forever, because he delights in loving kindness.

      Matthieu 5

      3 "Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven.

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      13 But you go and learn what this means: 'I desire mercy, and not sacrifice,' for I came not to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance. "

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      37 Therefore David himself calls him Lord, so how can he be his son?" The common people heard him gladly.

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      14 That which fell among the thorns, these are those who have heard, and as they go on their way they are choked with cares, riches, and pleasures of life, and bring no fruit to maturity.

      Jean 2

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      22 For I delight in God's law after the inward man,

      Hébreux 13

      13 Let us therefore go out to him outside of the camp, bearing his reproach.

      2 Pierre 2

      13 receiving the wages of unrighteousness; people who count it pleasure to revel in the daytime, spots and blemishes, reveling in their deceit while they feast with you;

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      16 For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, isn't the Father's, but is the world's.

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      19 We know that we are of God, and the whole world lies in the power of the evil one.

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      7 However much she glorified herself, and grew wanton, so much give her of torment and mourning. For she says in her heart, 'I sit a queen, and am no widow, and will in no way see mourning.'
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