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SEMAILLES

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Il est parlé des semailles dans notre art. Agriculture, et de la semence au sens de graine (Ge 1:11 47:23, Le 26:16, Mal 2:3 etc.) dans les art. Grain et Plante (pour un sens particulier de semence, voir Postérité).

Les semailles prêtent dans le langage biblique à nombreuses images et comparaisons. C'est par excellence le travail qui s'impose à l'homme pour son gagne-pain ; semailles et récoltes sont représentatives de la vie active et féconde dans l'effort persévérant (Eccl, 11:4-6, Mt 6:26).

--Au point de vue de la nature, leur rythme régulier est normal, conforme aux lois établies par Dieu (Ge 8:22) ; cet ordre naturel est une illustration de son Royaume, assuré de triompher au jour de la maturité, comme le suggère la parabole de la semence (Mr 4:26,29) ; comp. Épictète : « Telle est la croissance du fruit : la semence doit être un certain temps enterrée, cachée, puis grandir lentement, si elle doit atteindre la perfection. » Pour les autres paraboles relatives aux semailles (semeur, etc.), voir Grain, Ivraie, Moutarde.

--Au point de vue du travailleur, il n'est pas normal de moissonner sans avoir semé (Mt 25:24), ni de semer sans récolter ensuite (Mic 6:15, Ag 1:6, Job 31:8,1Co 9:11) ; le semeur peut être attristé par cette dernière crainte, mais devenir plus tard un joyeux moissonneur (Ps 126:5 et suivant). Jésus semble faire allusion à ce psaume, devant l'accueil empressé des Samaritains : (Jn 4:35-38) en général, semailles et récoltes sont travaux différents, et même parfois semeur et moissonneur sont différents, les derniers « entrant dans le travail » des premiers ; matériellement parlant, il faut attendre encore quatre mois avant de moissonner, mais spirituellement parlant les semailles du Seigneur à Sichar voient une moisson immédiate : la joie du semeur et celle du moissonneur sont simultanées (voir Proverbe 2:1,15).

--Au point de vue de la semence, la loi des espèces dans le monde naturel (Ge 1 : et suivant) est souvent rappelée comme une loi spirituelle : ce que l'homme sème, il le récolte (Os 8:7 10:12, Job 4:8, Pr 11:18 22:8, Sir 7:3, 2Co 9:6, Ga 6:7 et suivant, Jas 3:18 ; voir Fruit, II, 1). L'apôtre en tire un contraste entre la semence du corps terrestre et la résurrection du corps glorieux (1Co 15:35,44), celle-ci étant le don de Dieu par Jésus-Christ (verset 57). Car c'est Dieu qui fournit la semence au semeur (Esa 55:10,2Co 9:10) ; et l'oeuvre régénératrice du Sauveur dans les âmes est l'action intérieure d'une semence divine incorruptible (1Pi 1:23,1Jn 3:9, cf. Jas 1:21). Pour l'image messianique du germe, voir Prophète, VII

Utilisé avec autorisation de Yves PETRAKIAN

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      Genèse 1

      1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
      2 Now the earth was formless and empty. Darkness was on the surface of the deep. God's Spirit was hovering over the surface of the waters.
      3 God said, "Let there be light," and there was light.
      4 God saw the light, and saw that it was good. God divided the light from the darkness.
      5 God called the light "day," and the darkness he called "night." There was evening and there was morning, one day.
      6 God said, "Let there be an expanse in the middle of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters."
      7 God made the expanse, and divided the waters which were under the expanse from the waters which were above the expanse; and it was so.
      8 God called the expanse "sky." There was evening and there was morning, a second day.
      9 God said, "Let the waters under the sky be gathered together to one place, and let the dry land appear"; and it was so.
      10 God called the dry land "earth," and the gathering together of the waters he called "seas." God saw that it was good.
      11 God said, "Let the earth yield grass, herbs yielding seed, and fruit trees bearing fruit after their kind, with its seed in it, on the earth"; and it was so.
      12 The earth yielded grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, with its seed in it, after their kind; and God saw that it was good.
      13 There was evening and there was morning, a third day.
      14 God said, "Let there be lights in the expanse of sky to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days and years;
      15 and let them be for lights in the expanse of sky to give light on the earth"; and it was so.
      16 God made the two great lights: the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night. He also made the stars.
      17 God set them in the expanse of sky to give light to the earth,
      18 and to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness. God saw that it was good.
      19 There was evening and there was morning, a fourth day.
      20 God said, "Let the waters swarm with swarms of living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth in the open expanse of sky."
      21 God created the large sea creatures, and every living creature that moves, with which the waters swarmed, after their kind, and every winged bird after its kind. God saw that it was good.
      22 God blessed them, saying, "Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let birds multiply on the earth."
      23 There was evening and there was morning, a fifth day.
      24 God said, "Let the earth produce living creatures after their kind, livestock, creeping things, and animals of the earth after their kind"; and it was so.
      25 God made the animals of the earth after their kind, and the livestock after their kind, and everything that creeps on the ground after its kind. God saw that it was good.
      26 God said, "Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the birds of the sky, and over the livestock, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth."
      27 God created man in his own image. In God's image he created him; male and female he created them.
      28 God blessed them. God said to them, "Be fruitful, multiply, fill the earth, and subdue it. Have dominion over the fish of the sea, over the birds of the sky, and over every living thing that moves on the earth."
      29 God said, "Behold, I have given you every herb yielding seed, which is on the surface of all the earth, and every tree, which bears fruit yielding seed. It will be your food.
      30 To every animal of the earth, and to every bird of the sky, and to everything that creeps on the earth, in which there is life, I have given every green herb for food"; and it was so.
      31 God saw everything that he had made, and, behold, it was very good. There was evening and there was morning, a sixth day.

      Genèse 8

      22 While the earth remains, seed time and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease."

      Genèse 47

      23 Then Joseph said to the people, "Behold, I have bought you and your land today for Pharaoh. Behold, here is seed for you, and you shall sow the land.

      Lévitique 26

      16 I also will do this to you: I will appoint terror over you, even consumption and fever, that shall consume the eyes, and make the soul to pine away; and you will sow your seed in vain, for your enemies will eat it.

      Job 4

      8 According to what I have seen, those who plow iniquity, and sow trouble, reap the same.

      Job 31

      8 then let me sow, and let another eat. Yes, let the produce of my field be rooted out.

      Psaumes 126

      5 Those who sow in tears will reap in joy.

      Proverbes 11

      18 Wicked people earn deceitful wages, but one who sows righteousness reaps a sure reward.

      Proverbes 22

      8 He who sows wickedness reaps trouble, and the rod of his fury will be destroyed.

      Ecclésiaste 11

      4 He who observes the wind won't sow; and he who regards the clouds won't reap.
      5 As you don't know what is the way of the wind, nor how the bones grow in the womb of her who is with child; even so you don't know the work of God who does all.
      6 In the morning sow your seed, and in the evening don't withhold your hand; for you don't know which will prosper, whether this or that, or whether they both will be equally good.

      Esaïe 55

      10 For as the rain comes down and the snow from the sky, and doesn't return there, but waters the earth, and makes it bring forth and bud, and gives seed to the sower and bread to the eater;

      Osée 8

      7 For they sow the wind, and they will reap the whirlwind. He has no standing grain. The stalk will yield no head. If it does yield, strangers will swallow it up.

      Osée 10

      12 Sow to yourselves in righteousness, reap according to kindness. Break up your fallow ground; for it is time to seek Yahweh, until he comes and rains righteousness on you.

      Michée 6

      15 You will sow, but won't reap. You will tread the olives, but won't anoint yourself with oil; and crush grapes, but won't drink the wine.

      Aggée 1

      6 You have sown much, and bring in little. You eat, but you don't have enough. You drink, but you aren't filled with drink. You clothe yourselves, but no one is warm, and he who earns wages earns wages to put them into a bag with holes in it."

      Malachie 2

      3 Behold, I will rebuke your seed, and will spread dung on your faces, even the dung of your feasts; and you will be taken away with it.

      Matthieu 6

      26 See the birds of the sky, that they don't sow, neither do they reap, nor gather into barns. Your heavenly Father feeds them. Aren't you of much more value than they?

      Matthieu 25

      24 "He also who had received the one talent came and said, 'Lord, I knew you that you are a hard man, reaping where you did not sow, and gathering where you did not scatter.

      Marc 4

      26 He said, "The Kingdom of God is as if a man should cast seed on the earth,
      29 But when the fruit is ripe, immediately he puts forth the sickle, because the harvest has come."

      Jean 3

      9 Nicodemus answered him, "How can these things be?"

      Jean 4

      35 Don't you say, 'There are yet four months until the harvest?' Behold, I tell you, lift up your eyes, and look at the fields, that they are white for harvest already.
      36 He who reaps receives wages, and gathers fruit to eternal life; that both he who sows and he who reaps may rejoice together.
      37 For in this the saying is true, 'One sows, and another reaps.'
      38 I sent you to reap that for which you haven't labored. Others have labored, and you have entered into their labor."

      1 Corinthiens 9

      11 If we sowed to you spiritual things, is it a great thing if we reap your fleshly things?

      1 Corinthiens 15

      35 But someone will say, "How are the dead raised?" and, "With what kind of body do they come?"

      2 Corinthiens 9

      6 Remember this: he who sows sparingly will also reap sparingly. He who sows bountifully will also reap bountifully.
      10 Now may he who supplies seed to the sower and bread for food, supply and multiply your seed for sowing, and increase the fruits of your righteousness;

      Galates 6

      7 Don't be deceived. God is not mocked, for whatever a man sows, that he will also reap.

      Jacques 1

      21 Therefore, putting away all filthiness and overflowing of wickedness, receive with humility the implanted word, which is able to save your souls .

      Jacques 3

      18 Now the fruit of righteousness is sown in peace by those who make peace.

      1 Pierre 1

      23 having been born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, through the word of God, which lives and remains forever.

      1 Jean 3

      9 Whoever is born of God doesn't commit sin, because his seed remains in him; and he can't sin, because he is born of God.
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