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VERGE

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Les Israélites usaient de trois termes différents, mais qui ne désignaient pas nécessairement des objets distincts.

1. La massue (chébèt), pour frapper, pour se défendre, arme courte, propre au berger (Ps 23:4, bâton ; Mic 7:14, houlette). De là, insigne de l'autorité (Jug 5:14) ; alors, souvent appelé « sceptre » (voir ce mot) ; mais appelé « verge » quand il est un emblème de punition (Job 9:34 21:9, Ps 2:9: sceptre de fer) ; il s'agit en ce cas d'une massue particulièrement redoutable.

2. Le mattèh et le maqqel sont le bâton ordinaire du voyageur, qui sert à toutes sortes d'usages. C'est le bâton de Jacob (Ge 30:37 et suivants), de Moise et d'Aaron (Ex 4:2 7:10), des chefs de tribus (No 17:2), de Jonathan (1Sa 14:27), la « verge » de Esa 10:13 30:32, la baguette divinatoire dans Os 4:12, la branche symbolique de Jérémie (Jer 1:11), les houlettes du prophète (Za 11:7,10,14). Les deux termes de chébèt et mattèh prennent l'un et l'autre le sens dérivé de « tribu ».

3. Le long bâton du berger, micheènèt, de la longueur d'un homme, sorte de houlette sur laquelle il s'appuyait volontiers (Ex 21:19, Jug 6:21, Za 8:4), d'où l'image de Esa 36:6 et le geste symbolique de 2Ro 4:29. Dans No 21:18 sont réunis micheènèt et mattèh ; dans Ps 23:4, micheènèt et chébèt ; dans Esa 10:26, mattèh et chôt qui désigne le fouet (voir ce mot) ; dans Pr 26:3, chébèt et chôt. De ces exemples il appert que les traducteurs ont choisi de leur mieux le terme convenable, mais que sceptre, bâton, verge, houlette ne correspondent pas rigoureusement aux termes originaux. Voir cependant quelques précisions vers la fin de l'article Vie pastorale. Dans le N.T. le grec rhabdos s'applique également au bâton de voyage (Mt 10:10, Mr 6:8, Lu 9:3, Heb 11:21) et à la verge ou sceptre qui punit (1Co 4:21, Ap 2:27 12:5 19:15).

-Pour la verge d'Aaron (Heb 9:4), voir Aaron.

Utilisé avec autorisation de Yves PETRAKIAN

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      Genèse 30

      37 Jacob took to himself rods of fresh poplar, almond, plane tree, peeled white streaks in them, and made the white appear which was in the rods.

      Exode 4

      2 Yahweh said to him, "What is that in your hand?" He said, "A rod."

      Exode 7

      10 Moses and Aaron went in to Pharaoh, and they did so, as Yahweh had commanded: and Aaron cast down his rod before Pharaoh and before his servants, and it became a serpent.

      Exode 21

      19 if he rises again and walks around with his staff, then he who struck him shall be cleared: only he shall pay for the loss of his time, and shall provide for his healing until he is thoroughly healed.

      Nombres 17

      2 "Speak to the children of Israel, and take of them rods, one for each fathers' house, of all their princes according to their fathers' houses, twelve rods: write every man's name on his rod.

      Nombres 21

      18 the well, which the princes dug, which the nobles of the people dug, with the scepter, and with their poles." From the wilderness they traveled to Mattanah;

      Juges 5

      14 Those whose root is in Amalek came out of Ephraim, after you, Benjamin, among your peoples. Governors come down out of Machir. Those who handle the marshal's staff came out of Zebulun.

      Juges 6

      21 Then the angel of Yahweh stretched out the end of the staff that was in his hand, and touched the meat and the unleavened cakes; and fire went up out of the rock, and consumed the meat and the unleavened cakes; and the angel of Yahweh departed out of his sight.

      1 Samuel 14

      27 But Jonathan didn't hear when his father commanded the people with the oath: therefore he put forth the end of the rod who was in his hand, and dipped it in the honeycomb, and put his hand to his mouth; and his eyes were enlightened.

      Job 9

      34 Let him take his rod away from me. Let his terror not make me afraid;

      Job 21

      9 Their houses are safe from fear, neither is the rod of God upon them.

      Psaumes 2

      9 You shall break them with a rod of iron. You shall dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel."

      Psaumes 23

      4 Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for you are with me. Your rod and your staff, they comfort me.

      Proverbes 26

      3 A whip is for the horse, a bridle for the donkey, and a rod for the back of fools!

      Esaïe 10

      13 For he has said, "By the strength of my hand I have done it, and by my wisdom; for I have understanding: and I have removed the boundaries of the peoples, and have robbed their treasures. Like a valiant man I have brought down their rulers.
      26 Yahweh of Armies will stir up a scourge against him, as in the slaughter of Midian at the rock of Oreb. His rod will be over the sea, and he will lift it up like he did against Egypt.

      Esaïe 30

      32 Every stroke of the rod of punishment, which Yahweh will lay on him, will be with the sound of tambourines and harps. He will fight with them in battles, brandishing weapons.

      Esaïe 36

      6 Behold, you trust in the staff of this bruised reed, even in Egypt, which if a man leans on it, it will go into his hand and pierce it. So is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all who trust in him.

      Jérémie 1

      11 Moreover the word of Yahweh came to me, saying, "Jeremiah, what do you see?" I said, "I see a branch of an almond tree."

      Osée 4

      12 My people consult with their wooden idol, and answer to a stick of wood. Indeed the spirit of prostitution has led them astray, and they have been unfaithful to their God.

      Michée 7

      14 Shepherd your people with your staff, the flock of your heritage, who dwell by themselves in a forest, in the midst of fertile pasture land, let them feed; in Bashan and Gilead, as in the days of old.

      Zacharie 8

      4 Thus says Yahweh of Armies: "Old men and old women will again dwell in the streets of Jerusalem, every man with his staff in his hand for very age.

      Zacharie 11

      7 So I fed the flock of slaughter, especially the oppressed of the flock. I took for myself two staffs. The one I called "Favor," and the other I called "Union," and I fed the flock.
      10 I took my staff Favor, and cut it apart, that I might break my covenant that I had made with all the peoples.
      14 Then I cut apart my other staff, even Union, that I might break the brotherhood between Judah and Israel.

      Matthieu 10

      10 Take no bag for your journey, neither two coats, nor shoes, nor staff: for the laborer is worthy of his food.

      Marc 6

      8 He commanded them that they should take nothing for their journey, except a staff only: no bread, no wallet, no money in their purse,

      Luc 9

      3 He said to them, "Take nothing for your journey--neither staffs, nor wallet, nor bread, nor money; neither have two coats apiece.

      1 Corinthiens 4

      21 What do you want? Shall I come to you with a rod, or in love and a spirit of gentleness?

      Hébreux 9

      4 having a golden altar of incense, and the ark of the covenant overlaid on all sides with gold, in which was a golden pot holding the manna, Aaron's rod that budded, and the tablets of the covenant;

      Hébreux 11

      21 By faith, Jacob, when he was dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph, and worshiped, leaning on the top of his staff.

      Apocalypse 2

      27 He will rule them with a rod of iron, shattering them like clay pots; as I also have received of my Father:

      Apocalypse 12

      5 She gave birth to a son, a male child, who is to rule all the nations with a rod of iron. Her child was caught up to God, and to his throne.

      Apocalypse 19

      15 Out of his mouth proceeds a sharp, double-edged sword, that with it he should strike the nations. He will rule them with an iron rod. He treads the winepress of the fierceness of the wrath of God, the Almighty.
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