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11
Therefore they set taskmasters over them to afflict them with their burdens. They built storage cities for Pharaoh: Pithom and Raamses.
7
Yahweh said, "I have surely seen the affliction of my people who are in Egypt, and have heard their cry because of their taskmasters, for I know their sorrows.
6
The same day Pharaoh commanded the taskmasters of the people, and their officers, saying,
10
The taskmasters of the people went out, and their officers, and they spoke to the people, saying, "This is what Pharaoh says: 'I will not give you straw.
13
The taskmasters were urgent saying, "Fulfill your work quota daily, as when there was straw!"
14
The officers of the children of Israel, whom Pharaoh's taskmasters had set over them, were beaten, and demanded, "Why haven't you fulfilled your quota both yesterday and today, in making brick as before?"
15
Then the officers of the children of Israel came and cried to Pharaoh, saying, "Why do you deal this way with your servants?
19
The officers of the children of Israel saw that they were in trouble, when it was said, "You shall not diminish anything from your daily quota of bricks!"
16
Yahweh said to Moses, "Gather to me seventy men of the elders of Israel, whom you know to be the elders of the people, and officers over them; and bring them to the Tent of Meeting, that they may stand there with you.
15
So I took the heads of your tribes, wise men, and known, and made them heads over you, captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds, and captains of fifties, and captains of tens, and officers, according to your tribes.
18
You shall make judges and officers in all your gates, which Yahweh your God gives you, according to your tribes; and they shall judge the people with righteous judgment.
33
All Israel, and their elders and officers, and their judges, stood on this side of the ark and on that side before the priests the Levites, who carried the ark of Yahweh's covenant, the foreigner as well as the native; half of them in front of Mount Gerizim, and half of them in front of Mount Ebal, as Moses the servant of Yahweh had commanded at the first, that they should bless the people of Israel.
1
Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, for their heads, for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God.
4
I gave to Isaac Jacob and Esau: and I gave to Esau Mount Seir, to possess it. Jacob and his children went down into Egypt.
11
Moreover Uzziah had an army of fighting men, who went out to war by bands, according to the number of their reckoning made by Jeiel the scribe and Maaseiah the officer, under the hand of Hananiah, one of the king's captains.
10
A righteous man respects the life of his animal, but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
Exacteurs. Voir 3.7, note. Les contremaîtres (schoterim, écrivains) étaient des Hébreux chargés de prendre note du travail fait et d'en rendre compte aux exacteurs égyptiens.
Cette organisation des Israélites, enregistrés par groupes sous des préposés responsables (verset 14), choisis parmi eux, avait été imaginée par les Egyptiens dans l'intérêt de leur domination. Mais elle dut être singulièrement utile aux Israélites, lorsqu'ils eurent à se mettre en marche et à se constituer en armée : aussi voyons-nous que cette fonction de contremaître conserva son importance jusqu'à l'établissement des Israélites dans le pays de Canaan (voir, par exemple, Deutéronome 20.5,8,9 ; Josué 1.10 et ailleurs) et subsista même plus tard.