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ANANIAS

(transcription grec dans les Apocryphes et le N.T. du nom hébreu de l'A.T. Hanania =JHVH a fait grâce).

1. Nom de plusieurs Juifs dans les Apocryphes (Tob 5:13,14, 3Esd 9:21,29,43, etc.).

2. Le mari de Saphira. Pendant la période de communisme chrétien de l'Église primitive (Ac 4:32-37), il vendit sa propriété, retint une partie de la somme, de connivence avec sa femme, porta le reste aux apôtres, laissant croire qu'il en offrait la totalité. Démasqué par l'apôtre Pierre, il s'écroule à ses pieds et meurt. Sa femme survient et subit le même sort. Leur mort fut considérée par les assistants comme le châtiment mérité de leur hypocrisie (Ac 5:1-11).

3. Pieux chrétien de Damas, apprécié même des Juifs (Ac 22:12), qui baptisa Saul de Tarse. Connaissant les intentions criminelles de l'inquisiteur mais non sa conversion, il obéit aux ordres précis de Dieu, qui a « choisi cet homme » : il se rend auprès du persécuteur, lui impose les mains, le guérit et le baptise au nom du Seigneur Jésus (Ac 9:10-19 22:12 et suivants), non sans lui avoir donné fort probablement quelque instruction chrétienne. (cf. Ac 22:10)

4. Grand-prêtre à Jérusalem. Présidant la séance du Sanhédrin où Paul est amené, il le fait frapper sur la bouche, « au mépris de la loi » ; Paul, scandalisé, l'appelle « muraille blanchie », ignorant ses fonctions ecclésiastiques (Ac 23:2 et suivants). Quelques jours plus tard, à Césarée, assisté de l'avocat Tertullus, Ananias accuse Paul devant Félix (Ac 24:1 et suivants) ; peut-être se trouvait-il encore parmi ses ennemis devant Festus deux ans après (Ac 25:2 et suivants). D'après Josèphe, il était Sadducéen, fils de Nébédée, et avait été nommé grand-prêtre vers 48 ; ambitieux, cupide, oppresseur sans scrupules, il avait été ramené dans les chaînes devant l'empereur (en 52) pour s'y justifier de sa violence envers les Samaritains. Acquitté, il remplit de nouveau les fonctions de grand-prêtre. Finalement, la malédiction de l'apôtre (Ac 23:3) se réalisa, lors de la révolte juive : suspect de sympathies romaines, Ananias fut assassiné par ses compatriotes (Josèphe, Ant., XX, 6:2, 8 9 ; G.J., II, 17:6, 9 5:3 6:2 9:2).

5. Des écrivains postérieurs au VII e siècle attribuent à un Ananias, peintre en Mésopotamie, une visite à Jésus pour le prier de venir voir Abgar, roi d'Édesse, gravement malade. Ne pouvant l'obtenir, et ne pouvant pas non plus dessiner le portrait du Christ, il aurait reçu de Jésus un linge où celui-ci se serait essuyé le visage, qui s'y serait imprimé ; le linge aurait guéri Abgar. Inutile de dire qu'il s'agit là d'une pure légende.

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      Actes 4

      32 The multitude of those who believed were of one heart and soul. Not one of them claimed that anything of the things which he possessed was his own, but they had all things in common.
      33 With great power, the apostles gave their testimony of the resurrection of the Lord Jesus. Great grace was on them all.
      34 For neither was there among them any who lacked, for as many as were owners of lands or houses sold them, and brought the proceeds of the things that were sold,
      35 and laid them at the apostles' feet, and distribution was made to each, according as anyone had need.
      36 Joses, who by the apostles was surnamed Barnabas (which is, being interpreted, Son of Encouragement), a Levite, a man of Cyprus by race,
      37 having a field, sold it, and brought the money and laid it at the apostles' feet.

      Actes 5

      1 But a certain man named Ananias, with Sapphira, his wife, sold a possession,
      2 and kept back part of the price, his wife also being aware of it, and brought a certain part, and laid it at the apostles' feet.
      3 But Peter said, "Ananias, why has Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit, and to keep back part of the price of the land?
      4 While you kept it, didn't it remain your own? After it was sold, wasn't it in your power? How is it that you have conceived this thing in your heart? You haven't lied to men, but to God."
      5 Ananias, hearing these words, fell down and died. Great fear came on all who heard these things.
      6 The young men arose and wrapped him up, and they carried him out and buried him.
      7 About three hours later, his wife, not knowing what had happened, came in.
      8 Peter answered her, "Tell me whether you sold the land for so much." She said, "Yes, for so much."
      9 But Peter asked her, "How is it that you have agreed together to tempt the Spirit of the Lord? Behold, the feet of those who have buried your husband are at the door, and they will carry you out."
      10 She fell down immediately at his feet, and died. The young men came in and found her dead, and they carried her out and buried her by her husband.
      11 Great fear came on the whole assembly, and on all who heard these things.

      Actes 9

      10 Now there was a certain disciple at Damascus named Ananias. The Lord said to him in a vision, "Ananias!" He said, "Behold, it's me, Lord."
      11 The Lord said to him, "Arise, and go to the street which is called Straight, and inquire in the house of Judah for one named Saul, a man of Tarsus. For behold, he is praying,
      12 and in a vision he has seen a man named Ananias coming in, and laying his hands on him, that he might receive his sight."
      13 But Ananias answered, "Lord, I have heard from many about this man, how much evil he did to your saints at Jerusalem.
      14 Here he has authority from the chief priests to bind all who call on your name."
      15 But the Lord said to him, "Go your way, for he is my chosen vessel to bear my name before the nations and kings, and the children of Israel.
      16 For I will show him how many things he must suffer for my name's sake."
      17 Ananias departed, and entered into the house. Laying his hands on him, he said, "Brother Saul, the Lord, who appeared to you on the road by which you came, has sent me, that you may receive your sight, and be filled with the Holy Spirit."
      18 Immediately something like scales fell from his eyes, and he received his sight. He arose and was baptized.
      19 He took food and was strengthened. Saul stayed several days with the disciples who were at Damascus.

      Actes 22

      10 I said, 'What shall I do, Lord?' The Lord said to me, 'Arise, and go into Damascus. There you will be told about all things which are appointed for you to do.'
      12 One Ananias, a devout man according to the law, well reported of by all the Jews who lived in Damascus,

      Actes 23

      2 The high priest, Ananias, commanded those who stood by him to strike him on the mouth.
      3 Then Paul said to him, "God will strike you, you whitewashed wall! Do you sit to judge me according to the law, and command me to be struck contrary to the law?"

      Actes 24

      1 After five days, the high priest, Ananias, came down with certain elders and an orator, one Tertullus. They informed the governor against Paul.

      Actes 25

      2 Then the high priest and the principal men of the Jews informed him against Paul, and they begged him,
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