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2
"Sanctify to me all of the firstborn, whatever opens the womb among the children of Israel, both of man and of animal. It is mine."
12
that you shall set apart to Yahweh all that opens the womb, and every firstborn which you have that comes from an animal. The males shall be Yahweh's.
29
"You shall not delay to offer from your harvest and from the outflow of your presses. "You shall give the firstborn of your sons to me.
19
"All that opens the womb is mine; and all your livestock that is male, the firstborn of cow and sheep.
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"'Only the firstborn among animals, which is made a firstborn to Yahweh, no man may dedicate it; whether an ox or sheep, it is Yahweh's.
12
"Behold, I have taken the Levites from among the children of Israel instead of all the firstborn who open the womb among the children of Israel; and the Levites shall be mine:
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For all the firstborn among the children of Israel are mine, both man and animal. On the day that I struck all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, I sanctified them for myself.
15
Everything that opens the womb, of all flesh which they offer to Yahweh, both of man and animal shall be yours: nevertheless you shall surely redeem the firstborn of man, and you shall redeem the firstborn of unclean animals.
19
All the firstborn males that are born of your herd and of your flock you shall sanctify to Yahweh your God: you shall do no work with the firstborn of your herd, nor shear the firstborn of your flock.
30
The first of all the first fruits of every thing, and every offering of everything, of all your offerings, shall be for the priest: you shall also give to the priests the first of your dough, to cause a blessing to rest on your house.
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(as it is written in the law of the Lord, "Every male who opens the womb shall be called holy to the Lord"),
Les premiers-nés des hommes sont consacrés et ceux des animaux, immolés, à l'exception toutefois de ceux de l'âne, parce que c'est un animal impur et qu'ainsi il ne peut être offert en sacrifice. Au sacrifice de l'ânon doit être substitué celui d'un animal pur, ou bien l'ânon doit être simplement tué.
Le premier-né de l'homme doit être racheté. C'est ce qui eut lieu plus tard par le fait que les Lévites furent substitués aux premiers-nés (Nombres 3.12), et que pour les premiers-nés qui se trouvèrent en sus du nombre des Lévites, un rachat de cinq sicles dut être payé (Nombres 3.46 et suivants). Pour le premier moment et avant que le service du sanctuaire fût organisé, l'exécution de cette ordonnance resta naturellement suspendue. Le principe était posé et mis en relation avec la circonstance actuelle qui y donnait lieu.