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Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying,
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"Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them, 'The set feasts of Yahweh, which you shall proclaim to be holy convocations, even these are my set feasts.
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"'Six days shall work be done: but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, a holy convocation; you shall do no kind of work. It is a Sabbath to Yahweh in all your dwellings.
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"'These are the set feasts of Yahweh, even holy convocations, which you shall proclaim in their appointed season.
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In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month in the evening, is Yahweh's Passover.
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On the fifteenth day of the same month is the feast of unleavened bread to Yahweh. Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread.
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In the first day you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work.
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But you shall offer an offering made by fire to Yahweh seven days. In the seventh day is a holy convocation: you shall do no regular work.'"
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Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying,
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"Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them, 'When you have come into the land which I give to you, and shall reap its the harvest, then you shall bring the sheaf of the first fruits of your harvest to the priest:
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and he shall wave the sheaf before Yahweh, to be accepted for you. On the next day after the Sabbath the priest shall wave it.
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On the day when you wave the sheaf, you shall offer a male lamb without blemish a year old for a burnt offering to Yahweh.
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The meal offering with it shall be two tenth parts of an ephah of fine flour mingled with oil, an offering made by fire to Yahweh for a pleasant aroma; and the drink offering with it shall be of wine, the fourth part of a hin.
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You shall eat neither bread, nor roasted grain, nor fresh grain, until this same day, until you have brought the offering of your God. This is a statute forever throughout your generations in all your dwellings.
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"'You shall count from the next day after the Sabbath, from the day that you brought the sheaf of the wave offering; seven Sabbaths shall be completed:
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even to the next day after the seventh Sabbath you shall number fifty days; and you shall offer a new meal offering to Yahweh.
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You shall bring out of your habitations two loaves of bread for a wave offering made of two tenth parts of an ephah of fine flour. They shall be baked with yeast, for first fruits to Yahweh.
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You shall present with the bread seven lambs without blemish a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a burnt offering to Yahweh, with their meal offering, and their drink offerings, even an offering made by fire, of a sweet aroma to Yahweh.
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You shall offer one male goat for a sin offering, and two male lambs a year old for a sacrifice of peace offerings.
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The priest shall wave them with the bread of the first fruits for a wave offering before Yahweh, with the two lambs. They shall be holy to Yahweh for the priest.
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You shall make proclamation on the same day: there shall be a holy convocation to you; you shall do no regular work. This is a statute forever in all your dwellings throughout your generations.
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"'When you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not wholly reap into the corners of your field, neither shall you gather the gleanings of your harvest: you shall leave them for the poor, and for the foreigner. I am Yahweh your God.'"
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Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying,
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"Speak to the children of Israel, saying, 'In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, shall be a solemn rest to you, a memorial of blowing of trumpets, a holy convocation.
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You shall do no regular work; and you shall offer an offering made by fire to Yahweh.'"
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Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying,
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"However on the tenth day of this seventh month is the day of atonement: it shall be a holy convocation to you, and you shall afflict yourselves; and you shall offer an offering made by fire to Yahweh.
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You shall do no kind of work in that same day; for it is a day of atonement, to make atonement for you before Yahweh your God.
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For whoever it is who shall not deny himself in that same day; shall be cut off from his people.
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Whoever it is who does any kind of work in that same day, that person I will destroy from among his people.
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You shall do no kind of work: it is a statute forever throughout your generations in all your dwellings.
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It shall be a Sabbath of solemn rest for you, and you shall deny yourselves. In the ninth day of the month at evening, from evening to evening, you shall keep your Sabbath."
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Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying,
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"Speak to the children of Israel, and say, 'On the fifteenth day of this seventh month is the feast of tents for seven days to Yahweh.
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On the first day shall be a holy convocation: you shall do no regular work.
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Seven days you shall offer an offering made by fire to Yahweh. On the eighth day shall be a holy convocation to you; and you shall offer an offering made by fire to Yahweh. It is a solemn assembly; you shall do no regular work.
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"'These are the appointed feasts of Yahweh, which you shall proclaim to be holy convocations, to offer an offering made by fire to Yahweh, a burnt offering, and a meal offering, a sacrifice, and drink offerings, each on its own day;
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besides the Sabbaths of Yahweh, and besides your gifts, and besides all your vows, and besides all your freewill offerings, which you give to Yahweh.
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"'So on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when you have gathered in the fruits of the land, you shall keep the feast of Yahweh seven days: on the first day shall be a solemn rest, and on the eighth day shall be a solemn rest.
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You shall take on the first day the fruit of goodly trees, branches of palm trees, and boughs of thick trees, and willows of the brook; and you shall rejoice before Yahweh your God seven days.
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You shall keep it a feast to Yahweh seven days in the year: it is a statute forever throughout your generations; you shall keep it in the seventh month.
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You shall dwell in booths seven days. All who are native-born in Israel shall dwell in booths,
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that your generations may know that I made the children of Israel to dwell in booths, when I brought them out of the land of Egypt. I am Yahweh your God.'"
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Moses declared to the children of Israel the appointed feasts of Yahweh.
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Yahweh said to Moses in Mount Sinai,
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"'In this Year of Jubilee each of you shall return to his property.
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Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying,
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"Command the children of Israel, and tell them, 'My offering, my food for my offerings made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to me, you shall observe to offer to me in their due season.'
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You shall tell them, 'This is the offering made by fire which you shall offer to Yahweh: male lambs a year old without blemish, two day by day, for a continual burnt offering.
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You shall offer the one lamb in the morning, and you shall offer the other lamb at evening;
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with the tenth part of an ephah of fine flour for a meal offering, mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil.
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It is a continual burnt offering, which was ordained in Mount Sinai for a pleasant aroma, an offering made by fire to Yahweh.
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Its drink offering shall be the fourth part of a hin for the one lamb. You shall pour out a drink offering of strong drink to Yahweh in the holy place.
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The other lamb you shall offer at evening: as the meal offering of the morning, and as the drink offering of it, you shall offer it, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to Yahweh.
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"'On the Sabbath day two male lambs a year old without blemish, and two tenth parts of an ephah of fine flour for a meal offering, mixed with oil, and the drink offering of it:
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this is the burnt offering of every Sabbath, besides the continual burnt offering, and the drink offering of it.
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"'In the beginnings of your months you shall offer a burnt offering to Yahweh: two young bulls, and one ram, seven male lambs a year old without blemish;
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and three tenth parts of an ephah of fine flour for a meal offering, mixed with oil, for each bull; and two tenth parts of fine flour for a meal offering, mixed with oil, for the one ram;
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and a tenth part of fine flour mixed with oil for a meal offering to every lamb; for a burnt offering of a pleasant aroma, an offering made by fire to Yahweh.
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Their drink offerings shall be half a hin of wine for a bull, and the third part of a hin for the ram, and the fourth part of a hin for a lamb: this is the burnt offering of every month throughout the months of the year.
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One male goat for a sin offering to Yahweh; it shall be offered besides the continual burnt offering, and the drink offering of it.
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"'In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, is Yahweh's Passover.
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On the fifteenth day of this month shall be a feast: seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten.
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In the first day shall be a holy convocation: you shall do no servile work;
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but you shall offer an offering made by fire, a burnt offering to Yahweh: two young bulls, and one ram, and seven male lambs a year old; they shall be to you without blemish;
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and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: you shall offer three tenth parts for a bull, and two tenth parts for the ram.
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You shall offer a tenth part for every lamb of the seven lambs;
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and one male goat for a sin offering, to make atonement for you.
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You shall offer these besides the burnt offering of the morning, which is for a continual burnt offering.
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In this way you shall offer daily, for seven days, the food of the offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to Yahweh: it shall be offered besides the continual burnt offering, and the drink offering of it.
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On the seventh day you shall have a holy convocation: you shall do no servile work.
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"'Also in the day of the first fruits, when you offer a new meal offering to Yahweh in your feast of weeks, you shall have a holy convocation; you shall do no servile work;
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but you shall offer a burnt offering for a pleasant aroma to Yahweh: two young bulls, one ram, seven male lambs a year old;
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and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil, three tenth parts for each bull, two tenth parts for the one ram,
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a tenth part for every lamb of the seven lambs;
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One man esteems one day as more important. Another esteems every day alike. Let each man be fully assured in his own mind.
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You observe days, months, seasons, and years.
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Let no one therefore judge you in eating, or in drinking, or with respect to a feast day or a new moon or a Sabbath day,
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which are a shadow of the things to come; but the body is Christ's.
Vous observez avec anxiété, (grec) avec un esprit servile, contraire à la liberté du chrétien : tel est le sens du verbe original.
Ces jours sont les sabbats et autres fêtes fixées par la loi, les mois sont les nouvelles lunes qui marquaient certaines solennités ; les temps indiquent en général les époques consacrées à de grandes fêtes, comme la Pâque ; (Lévitique 23.4) les années désignent le retour d'autres solennités, comme le grand jubilé, l'année sabbatique.
Imposer ces observances comme une obligation servile, y chercher en tout ou en partie sa justification devant Dieu, voilà ce qui était déroger à la libre grâce de Dieu, et ce que l'apôtre censure avec tant de force.
C'était, à la lettre, retomber sous les éléments du monde, puisque par là on faisait dépendre son obéissance et sa piété du cours des astres et des saisons, objets du culte des païens eux-mêmes. (verset 3, note.) Aussi Paul exprime-t-il (verset 11) toute la crainte que lui inspiraient ces aberrations pour le résultat de ses travaux parmi les Galates.