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Ezéchiel 14.13

Si un pays. Cette expression abstraite vise Jérusalem, comme les expressions analogues quiconque et le prophète (versets 4 et 7) désignaient indirectement les anciens et Ezéchiel.

Péchait par révolte : le péché de perfidie, la révolte consciente et réfléchie contre l'Eternel ; comparez 2Chroniques 26.16-19 (Ozias).

La famine. Aucune intercession ne détournerait ce fléau, non pas même celle de Noé, de Daniel et de Job réunis. De ces trois hommes, le premier et le troisième, ont sauvé par leur intercession, l'un sa famille et avec elle l'humanité, l'autre, ses fils et ses filles, jusqu'à l'épreuve que Dieu jugea bon de lui envoyer (Job 1.4-5), puis ses amis (Job 42.7-8). Quant à Daniel il saute aux yeux que sous ce nom Ezéchiel ne peut désigner que le prophète bien connu qui était alors l'un des dignitaires les plus élevés de la cour de Babylone. Daniel avait été transporté en Orient par Nébucadnetsar immédiatement après la bataille de Carkémis (606-604), et deux ans après il avait été élevé à l'un des postes les plus éminents de l'empire chaldéen. Si donc le discours actuel d'Ezéchiel date de cinq ans environ avant la ruine de Jérusalem (588-586), il y avait plus d'une douzaine d'années que Daniel remplissait ces hautes fonctions. Peut-être avait-il déjà rendu d'importants services à ses compatriotes malheureux et en particulier à la colonie de Tel-Abib. Il est naturel qu'Ezéchiel pense à lui en cherchant parmi ses contemporains vivants un intercesseur à associer aux deux anciens personnages qu'il vient de nommer. C'est donc peine absolument perdue que de chercher, dans les temps antiques, un autre Daniel que celui-là. L'histoire ne mentionne pas un seul personnage de ce nom ; or il est évident que l'homme désigné ici devait être un juste devenu célèbre par l'efficacité de ses prières, puisqu'il est associé à deux hommes aussi illustres que Job et Noé. Mais il ne faut pas oublier cette différence, entre ceux-ci et Daniel, que leur présence en ce moment n'est qu'une supposition impossible, tandis que celle de Daniel est une réalité. Voilà sans doute la raison pour laquelle, celui-ci est placé entre les deux autres. Tout échouerait donc, même si, cet intercesseur vivant se mettant à prier, les deux morts venaient se placer à sa droite et à sa gauche, pour appuyer son intercession de la leur (Exode 17.10-12).


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    • Genèse 6

      7 Yahweh said, "I will destroy man whom I have created from the surface of the ground; man, along with animals, creeping things, and birds of the sky; for I am sorry that I have made them."

      Lévitique 26

      26 When I break your staff of bread, ten women shall bake your bread in one oven, and they shall deliver your bread again by weight: and you shall eat, and not be satisfied.

      Esdras 9

      6 and I said, "My God, I am ashamed and blush to lift up my face to you, my God; for our iniquities have increased over our head, and our guiltiness has grown up to the heavens.

      Esaïe 3

      1 For, behold, the Lord, Yahweh of Armies, takes away from Jerusalem and from Judah supply and support, the whole supply of bread, and the whole supply of water;

      Esaïe 24

      20 The earth will stagger like a drunken man, and will sway back and forth like a hammock. Its disobedience will be heavy on it, and it will fall and not rise again.

      Jérémie 7

      20 Therefore thus says the Lord Yahweh: Behold, my anger and my wrath shall be poured out on this place, on man, and on animal, and on the trees of the field, and on the fruit of the ground; and it shall burn, and shall not be quenched.

      Jérémie 15

      2 It shall happen, when they tell you, Where shall we go forth? Then you shall tell them, Thus says Yahweh: Such as are for death, to death; and such as are for the sword, to the sword; and such as are for the famine, to the famine; and such as are for captivity, to captivity.
      3 I will appoint over them four kinds, says Yahweh: the sword to kill, and the dogs to tear, and the birds of the sky, and the animals of the earth, to devour and to destroy.

      Jérémie 32

      43 Fields shall be bought in this land, about which you say, It is desolate, without man or animal; it is given into the hand of the Chaldeans.

      Jérémie 36

      29 Concerning Jehoiakim king of Judah you shall say, Thus says Yahweh: You have burned this scroll, saying, Why have you written therein, saying, The king of Babylon shall certainly come and destroy this land, and shall cause to cease from there man and animal?

      Lamentations 1

      8 Jerusalem has grievously sinned; therefore she has become as an unclean thing; all who honored her despise her, because they have seen her nakedness: yes, she sighs, and turns backward.
      20 See, Yahweh; for I am in distress; my heart is troubled; My heart is turned within me; for I have grievously rebelled: Abroad the sword bereaves, at home there is as death.

      Lamentations 4

      9 Those who are killed with the sword are better than those who are killed with hunger; For these pine away, stricken through, for want of the fruits of the field.
      10 The hands of the pitiful women have boiled their own children; They were their food in the destruction of the daughter of my people.

      Ezéchiel 4

      16 Moreover he said to me, Son of man, behold, I will break the staff of bread in Jerusalem: and they shall eat bread by weight, and with fearfulness; and they shall drink water by measure, and in dismay:

      Ezéchiel 5

      16 when I shall send on them the evil arrows of famine, that are for destruction, which I will send to destroy you: and I will increase the famine on you, and will break your staff of bread;

      Ezéchiel 9

      9 Then he said to me, The iniquity of the house of Israel and Judah is exceedingly great, and the land is full of blood, and the city full of perversion: for they say, Yahweh has forsaken the land, and Yahweh doesn't see.

      Ezéchiel 14

      13 Son of man, when a land sins against me by committing a trespass, and I stretch out my hand on it, and break the staff of its bread, and send famine on it, and cut off from it man and animal;
      17 Or if I bring a sword on that land, and say, Sword, go through the land; so that I cut off from it man and animal;
      19 Or if I send a pestilence into that land, and pour out my wrath on it in blood, to cut off from it man and animal;
      21 For thus says the Lord Yahweh: How much more when I send my four severe judgments on Jerusalem, the sword, and the famine, and the evil animals, and the pestilence, to cut off from it man and animal!

      Ezéchiel 15

      8 I will make the land desolate, because they have committed a trespass, says the Lord Yahweh.

      Ezéchiel 20

      27 Therefore, son of man, speak to the house of Israel, and tell them, Thus says the Lord Yahweh: In this moreover have your fathers blasphemed me, in that they have committed a trespass against me.

      Ezéchiel 25

      13 therefore thus says the Lord Yahweh, I will stretch out my hand on Edom, and will cut off man and animal from it; and I will make it desolate from Teman; even to Dedan shall they fall by the sword.

      Daniel 9

      5 we have sinned, and have dealt perversely, and have done wickedly, and have rebelled, even turning aside from your precepts and from your ordinances;
      10 neither have we obeyed the voice of Yahweh our God, to walk in his laws, which he set before us by his servants the prophets.
      11 Yes, all Israel have transgressed your law, turning aside, that they should not obey your voice: therefore the curse and the oath written in the law of Moses the servant of God has been poured out on us; for we have sinned against him.
      12 He has confirmed his words, which he spoke against us, and against our judges who judged us, by bringing on us a great evil; for under the whole sky, such has not been done as has been done to Jerusalem.

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