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Actes 7.53

You received the law as it was ordained by angels, and didn't keep it!"
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La bible annotée Commentaire de Matthew Henry
Les mots : par (grec en ou sur) des ordonnances d'anges ont été diversement interprétés.

Le sens le plus probable est que les anges ont servi d'intermédiaires.

Le récit de l'Exode, (Exode 20) il est vrai, ne fait pas mention de la participation des anges à la promulgation de la loi. Mais ce rôle leur est attribué par une tradition que les Septante ont introduite dans l'Ecriture ellemême, en traduisant le passage obscur Deutéronome 33.2, qui porte selon la version la plus usitée : "de sa droite (il a envoyé) le feu de la loi"

- "à sa droite des anges avec lui." Plusieurs auteurs du Nouveau Testament y ont puisé l'idée d'une intervention des anges, dont Dieu se serait servi pour communiquer la loi à Moïse. (Galates 3.19,Hébreux 2.2)

Cette idée est exprimée aussi par des rabbins et par l'historien Josèphe (Antiq. XV, 5, 3).

C'est donc à tort que quelques interprètes, se fondant sur Psaumes 104.4, ont vu dans ces anges une désignation poétique des phénomènes naturels qui se produisirent sur le Sinaï. (Exode 19.16-19)

Chrysostome pensait retrouver dans notre passage l'ange mentionné en versets 30,38.

Mais le mot anges, au pluriel, s'oppose à cette interprétation.

- Etienne déclare à ses auditeurs que la loi, promulguée avec tant de solennité, ils ne l'ont point gardée.

Il pouvait leur adresser ce reproche, par lequel il leur retournait l'accusation portée contre lui (Actes 6.13,14) car les dispositions manifestées par leurs pères (versets 39-43) étaient encore les leurs.

Nous ne pensons pas qu'il voulût les blâmer de n'avoir pas saisi la loi dans sa spiritualité, (versets 48-50) ni que la transgression de la loi qu'il avait en vue fût spécialement le meurtre du Juste. (verset 52)

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Matthew Henry © traduction Dominique Osché
vous qui 3748 avez reçu 2983 5627 la loi 3551 d’après 1519 des commandements 1296 d’anges 32, et 2532 qui ne l’avez point 3756 gardée 5442 5656 !…
32 - aggelos messager, envoyé, un ange, un messager de Dieu 1296 - diatage une disposition, un arrangement, une ordonnance, un ordre, prescription, institution 1519 - eis en, dans, à, vers, envers, pour, parmi, entre 2532 - kai et, aussi, même, en effet, mais 2983 - lambano prendre prendre avec la main, saisir, une personne ou une chose pour l'emmener prendre une … 3551 - nomos toute chose établie, toute chose acceptée par l'usage, une coutume, une loi, un commandement de … 3748 - hostis qui que, quelque ...qui, qui 3756 - ou non, pas; dans des questions directes espérant une réponse affirmative 5442 - phulasso garder veiller, tenir sous la garde garder, surveiller, avoir l'œil sur, de peur qu'il n'échappe … 5627 Temps - Aoriste Second 5780 Voix - Active 5784 Mode - Indicatif 5791 Nombre - … 5656 Temps - Aoriste 5777 Voix - Active 5784 Mode - Indicatif 5791 Nombre - 2319
© Éditions CLÉ, avec autorisation

ACTES DES APÔTRES LE TITRE. Le livre appelé habituellement « Actes des Apôtres » (en gr, praxeis ton … DIACRE (grec diaconos). Serviteur de l'Église, à côté des anciens, dès l'origine. 1. Dans le monde … ETIENNE (grec stephanos =couronne). Premier martyr de l'Église chrétienne ( Ac 6 et Ac 7 ). … LOI DANS LE N.T. La conviction que Jésus était le Christ annoncé par les prophètes, conviction commune à tous … MISSION I La notion missionnaire dans l'A.T. L'étude de la pensée israélite primitive au sujet des …

    • Exode 19

      1 In the third month after the children of Israel had gone out of the land of Egypt, on that same day they came into the wilderness of Sinai.
      2 When they had departed from Rephidim, and had come to the wilderness of Sinai, they encamped in the wilderness; and there Israel encamped before the mountain.
      3 Moses went up to God, and Yahweh called to him out of the mountain, saying, "This is what you shall tell the house of Jacob, and tell the children of Israel:
      4 'You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I bore you on eagles' wings, and brought you to myself.
      5 Now therefore, if you will indeed obey my voice, and keep my covenant, then you shall be my own possession from among all peoples; for all the earth is mine;
      6 and you shall be to me a kingdom of priests, and a holy nation.' These are the words which you shall speak to the children of Israel."
      7 Moses came and called for the elders of the people, and set before them all these words which Yahweh commanded him.
      8 All the people answered together, and said, "All that Yahweh has spoken we will do." Moses reported the words of the people to Yahweh.
      9 Yahweh said to Moses, "Behold, I come to you in a thick cloud, that the people may hear when I speak with you, and may also believe you forever." Moses told the words of the people to Yahweh.
      10 Yahweh said to Moses, "Go to the people, and sanctify them today and tomorrow, and let them wash their garments,
      11 and be ready against the third day; for on the third day Yahweh will come down in the sight of all the people on Mount Sinai.
      12 You shall set bounds to the people all around, saying, 'Be careful that you don't go up onto the mountain, or touch its border. Whoever touches the mountain shall be surely put to death.
      13 No hand shall touch him, but he shall surely be stoned or shot through; whether it is animal or man, he shall not live.' When the trumpet sounds long, they shall come up to the mountain."
      14 Moses went down from the mountain to the people, and sanctified the people; and they washed their clothes.
      15 He said to the people, "Be ready by the third day. Don't have sexual relations with a woman."
      16 It happened on the third day, when it was morning, that there were thunders and lightnings, and a thick cloud on the mountain, and the sound of an exceedingly loud trumpet; and all the people who were in the camp trembled.
      17 Moses led the people out of the camp to meet God; and they stood at the lower part of the mountain.
      18 Mount Sinai, all it, smoked, because Yahweh descended on it in fire; and its smoke ascended like the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mountain quaked greatly.
      19 When the sound of the trumpet grew louder and louder, Moses spoke, and God answered him by a voice.
      20 Yahweh came down on Mount Sinai, to the top of the mountain. Yahweh called Moses to the top of the mountain, and Moses went up.

      Deutéronome 33

      2 He said, "Yahweh came from Sinai, And rose from Seir to them. He shone forth from Mount Paran. He came from the ten thousands of holy ones. At his right hand was a fiery law for them.

      Psaumes 68

      17 The chariots of God are tens of thousands and thousands of thousands. The Lord is among them, from Sinai, into the sanctuary.

      Ezéchiel 20

      18 I said to their children in the wilderness, Don't walk in the statutes of your fathers, neither observe their ordinances, nor defile yourselves with their idols.
      19 I am Yahweh your God: walk in my statutes, and keep my ordinances, and do them;
      20 and make my Sabbaths holy; and they shall be a sign between me and you, that you may know that I am Yahweh your God.
      21 But the children rebelled against me; they didn't walk in my statutes, neither kept my ordinances to do them, which if a man do, he shall live in them; they profaned my Sabbaths. Then I said I would pour out my wrath on them, to accomplish my anger against them in the wilderness.

      Jean 7

      19 Didn't Moses give you the law, and yet none of you keeps the law? Why do you seek to kill me?"

      Actes 7

      38 This is he who was in the assembly in the wilderness with the angel that spoke to him on Mount Sinai, and with our fathers, who received living oracles to give to us,
      53 You received the law as it was ordained by angels, and didn't keep it!"

      Romains 2

      23 You who glory in the law, through your disobedience of the law do you dishonor God?
      24 For "the name of God is blasphemed among the Gentiles because of you," just as it is written.
      25 For circumcision indeed profits, if you are a doer of the law, but if you are a transgressor of the law, your circumcision has become uncircumcision.

      Galates 3

      19 What then is the law? It was added because of transgressions, until the seed should come to whom the promise has been made. It was ordained through angels by the hand of a mediator.

      Galates 6

      13 For even they who receive circumcision don't keep the law themselves, but they desire to have you circumcised, that they may boast in your flesh.

      Hébreux 2

      2 For if the word spoken through angels proved steadfast, and every transgression and disobedience received a just recompense;

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