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13
"But those who are godless in heart lay up anger. They don't cry for help when he binds them.
19
The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, 'Behold, a gluttonous man and a drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!' But wisdom is justified by her children. "
31
Therefore I tell you, every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven men, but the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven men.
32
Whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man, it will be forgiven him; but whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit, it will not be forgiven him, neither in this age, nor in that which is to come.
55
Isn't this the carpenter's son? Isn't his mother called Mary, and his brothers, James, Joses, Simon, and Judas ?
29
but whoever may blaspheme against the Holy Spirit never has forgiveness, but is guilty of an eternal sin"
30
but he will receive one hundred times more now in this time, houses, brothers, sisters, mothers, children, and land, with persecutions; and in the age to come eternal life.
34
The Son of Man has come eating and drinking, and you say, 'Behold, a gluttonous man, and a drunkard; a friend of tax collectors and sinners!'
10
Everyone who speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven, but those who blaspheme against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven.
23
In Hades , he lifted up his eyes, being in torment, and saw Abraham far off, and Lazarus at his bosom.
24
He cried and said, 'Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water, and cool my tongue! For I am in anguish in this flame.'
25
"But Abraham said, 'Son, remember that you, in your lifetime, received your good things, and Lazarus, in the same way, bad things. But now here he is comforted and you are in anguish.
26
Besides all this, between us and you there is a great gulf fixed, that those who want to pass from here to you are not able, and that none may cross over from there to us.'
34
Jesus said to them, "The children of this age marry, and are given in marriage.
35
But those who are considered worthy to attain to that age and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry, nor are given in marriage.
34
Jesus said, "Father, forgive them, for they don't know what they are doing." Dividing his garments among them, they cast lots.
12
There was much murmuring among the multitudes concerning him. Some said, "He is a good man." Others said, "Not so, but he leads the multitude astray."
39
But he said this about the Spirit, which those believing in him were to receive. For the Holy Spirit was not yet given, because Jesus wasn't yet glorified.
52
They answered him, "Are you also from Galilee? Search, and see that no prophet has arisen out of Galilee. "
14
But you denied the Holy and Righteous One, and asked for a murderer to be granted to you,
15
and killed the Prince of life, whom God raised from the dead, to which we are witnesses.
19
"Repent therefore, and turn again, that your sins may be blotted out, so that there may come times of refreshing from the presence of the Lord,
9
"I myself most certainly thought that I ought to do many things contrary to the name of Jesus of Nazareth.
10
This I also did in Jerusalem. I both shut up many of the saints in prisons, having received authority from the chief priests, and when they were put to death I gave my vote against them.
11
Punishing them often in all the synagogues, I tried to make them blaspheme. Being exceedingly enraged against them, I persecuted them even to foreign cities.
21
far above all rule, and authority, and power, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this age, but also in that which is to come.
13
although I was before a blasphemer, a persecutor, and insolent. However, I obtained mercy, because I did it ignorantly in unbelief.
15
The saying is faithful and worthy of all acceptance, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners; of whom I am chief.
12
instructing us to the intent that, denying ungodliness and worldly lusts, we would live soberly, righteously, and godly in this present world;
4
For concerning those who were once enlightened and tasted of the heavenly gift, and were made partakers of the Holy Spirit,
5
and tasted the good word of God, and the powers of the age to come,
6
and then fell away, it is impossible to renew them again to repentance; seeing they crucify the Son of God for themselves again, and put him to open shame.
26
For if we sin willfully after we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remains no more a sacrifice for sins,
27
but a certain fearful expectation of judgment, and a fierceness of fire which will devour the adversaries.
28
A man who disregards Moses' law dies without compassion on the word of two or three witnesses.
29
How much worse punishment, do you think, will he be judged worthy of, who has trodden under foot the Son of God, and has counted the blood of the covenant with which he was sanctified an unholy thing, and has insulted the Spirit of grace?
Quelle est donc la différence que Jésus établit entre le blasphème contre lui, le fils de l'homme, et le blasphème contre l'Esprit-Saint, qui ne sera point pardonné ?
Cette différence tient essentiellement au degré de connaissance que l'homme a des choses divines, selon que Dieu s'est manifesté à lui plus ou moins directement et personnellement. Ainsi, dans le cas actuel, les pharisiens (verset 24, voir sur cette secte Matthieu 3.7 note) avaient méconnu le Fils de Dieu sous sa forme de serviteur parce qu'ils étaient incapables moralement de comprendre sa parole ; ils avaient blasphémé contre le fils de l'homme en prenant parti contre lui, en détournant les foules de le suivre et en cherchant les moyens de le faire périr, (Matthieu 9.3,11 ; 12.2,10,14)
Ce péché, quelle qu'en fût la culpabilité, pouvait leur être pardonné, à cause de leur ignorance. Luc 23.34.
Mais ici comme dans la circonstance rapportée Matthieu 9.32-34, ils vont plus loin dans leur endurcissement. En attribuant au démon des œuvres si évidemment accomplies par l'Esprit de Dieu, (verset 28) ils péchaient contre leur propre conviction et contre une manifestation divine plus directe que la simple présence de Jésus.
Le Sauveur n'affirme pas positivement qu'ils ont blasphémé l'Esprit-Saint et qu'il n'y a plus pour eux aucun espoir ; mais le principe absolu qu'il exprime doit les faire réfléchir et leur inspirer la crainte d'avoir atteint la dernière limite de la possibilité du salut.
Qu'ils fassent un pas de plus, qu'ils résistent à un nouveau degré de lumière, de conviction intérieure produit par l'Esprit de Dieu dans leur conscience, et ils auront volontairement commis un suicide moral qui rend impossible toute action de Dieu sur leur âme. C'est là ce que l'apôtre Jean nomme "le péché à la mort," (1Jean 5.16,17) parce qu'il est déjà la mort.
Ainsi, le pardon est rendu impossible non par une détermination de la volonté de Dieu, mais par le fait de la volonté et de l'endurcissement de l'homme. D'où il résulte, d'une part, que jamais aucun homme ne peut dire d'un autre qu'il a commis ce péché, ne connaissant pas son cœur ; et d 'autre part, que toute conscience angoissée par la crainte de l'avoir commis, peut se rassurer par là même, parce que le caractère distinctif de cet état d'âme, c'est l'endurcissement et la résistance volontaire à l'Esprit de Dieu.
- Ce siècle, c'est l'économie présente, s'étendant jusqu'au retour de Christ pour le jugement ; celui qui est à venir, c'est l'éternité après le jugement. Ni dans l'un, ni dans l'autre, c'est-à-dire jamais c'est le mot qui se trouve dans Marc 3.29.
Luc, qui rapporte cet avertissement dans des circonstances différentes Luc 12.10, dit simplement : "Ne sera point pardonné."
- On a souvent conclu de cette dernière parole : ni dans le siècle à venir, qu'en général le pardon est encore possible au delà de la vie présente. C'est une question importante, que l'exégèse n'a pas à examiner ici.