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Matthieu 21.31

Le manuscrit B et quelques versions intervertissent l'ordre de ces deux fils, en sorte que celui qui se repent et obéit serait le second. La réponse (verset 31) est alors : Le dernier.

Quelques critiques et exégètes préfèrent cette leçon.

- Matthieu seul a conservé cette courte mais frappante parabole par laquelle Jésus, après avoir contraint ses adversaires à avouer qu'ils étaient incompétents pour le juger, (verset 27) les oblige à se juger eux-mêmes et à prononcer leur propre condamnation.

- Il y a dans ces termes choisis : deux enfants, mon enfant, l'expression de la tendresse du père comme aussi du droit qu'il a d'être obéi. C'est par amour qu'il les invite à aller travailler à sa vigne, qui est le royaume de Dieu. (verset 33 et suivants ; Matthieu 20.1 et suivants)

Le premier, d'abord insensible à cet amour, refuse nettement, franchement. Mais, bientôt, pénétré d'une sincère repentance, il y va et ne travaille qu'avec plus d'ardeur.

L'autre, au contraire, répond sans hésiter : Oui, seigneur (grec, moi, seigneur) ; moi, bien différent de mon frère, j'y vais ; mais malgré cette prompte obéissance des lèvres, malgré ce mot respectueux de seigneur il n'y alla point.

Quelle psychologie profonde dans ce contraste ! Une première résistance à la volonté de Dieu laisse beaucoup plus d'espoir pour le salut d'une âme que cette lâche indifférence, toujours prête à dire oui, mais qui n'a aucune énergie pour obéir. (Apocalypse 3.16) Jésus, par la question qui termine son récit, tire de la bouche même de ses interlocuteurs la confession de cette vérité.


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    • 2 Samuel 12

      5 David's anger was greatly kindled against the man, and he said to Nathan, "As Yahweh lives, the man who has done this is worthy to die!
      6 He shall restore the lamb fourfold, because he did this thing, and because he had no pity!"
      7 Nathan said to David, "You are the man. This is what Yahweh, the God of Israel, says: 'I anointed you king over Israel, and I delivered you out of the hand of Saul.

      Job 15

      6 Your own mouth condemns you, and not I. Yes, your own lips testify against you.

      Ezéchiel 33

      11 Tell them, As I live, says the Lord Yahweh, I have no pleasure in the death of the wicked; but that the wicked turn from his way and live: turn, turn from your evil ways; for why will you die, house of Israel?

      Matthieu 5

      18 For most certainly, I tell you, until heaven and earth pass away, not even one smallest letter or one tiny pen stroke shall in any way pass away from the law, until all things are accomplished.

      Matthieu 6

      5 "When you pray, you shall not be as the hypocrites, for they love to stand and pray in the synagogues and in the corners of the streets, that they may be seen by men. Most certainly, I tell you, they have received their reward.

      Matthieu 7

      21 Not everyone who says to me, 'Lord, Lord,' will enter into the Kingdom of Heaven; but he who does the will of my Father who is in heaven.

      Matthieu 9

      9 As Jesus passed by from there, he saw a man called Matthew sitting at the tax collection office. He said to him, "Follow me." He got up and followed him.

      Matthieu 12

      50 For whoever does the will of my Father who is in heaven, he is my brother, and sister, and mother."

      Matthieu 18

      3 and said, "Most certainly I tell you, unless you turn, and become as little children, you will in no way enter into the Kingdom of Heaven.

      Matthieu 20

      16 So the last will be first, and the first last. For many are called, but few are chosen."

      Matthieu 21

      31 Which of the two did the will of his father?" They said to him, "The first." Jesus said to them, "Most certainly I tell you that the tax collectors and the prostitutes are entering into the Kingdom of God before you.

      Luc 7

      29 When all the people and the tax collectors heard this, they declared God to be just, having been baptized with John's baptism.
      37 Behold, a woman in the city who was a sinner, when she knew that he was reclining in the Pharisee's house, she brought an alabaster jar of ointment.
      38 Standing behind at his feet weeping, she began to wet his feet with her tears, and she wiped them with the hair of her head, kissed his feet, and anointed them with the ointment.
      39 Now when the Pharisee who had invited him saw it, he said to himself, "This man, if he were a prophet, would have perceived who and what kind of woman this is who touches him, that she is a sinner."
      40 Jesus answered him, "Simon, I have something to tell you." He said, "Teacher, say on."
      41 "A certain lender had two debtors. The one owed five hundred denarii, and the other fifty.
      42 When they couldn't pay, he forgave them both. Which of them therefore will love him most?"
      43 Simon answered, "He, I suppose, to whom he forgave the most." He said to him, "You have judged correctly."
      44 Turning to the woman, he said to Simon, "Do you see this woman? I entered into your house, and you gave me no water for my feet, but she has wet my feet with her tears, and wiped them with the hair of her head.
      45 You gave me no kiss, but she, since the time I came in, has not ceased to kiss my feet.
      46 You didn't anoint my head with oil, but she has anointed my feet with ointment.
      47 Therefore I tell you, her sins, which are many, are forgiven, for she loved much. But to whom little is forgiven, the same loves little."
      48 He said to her, "Your sins are forgiven."
      49 Those who sat at the table with him began to say to themselves, "Who is this who even forgives sins?"
      50 He said to the woman, "Your faith has saved you. Go in peace."

      Luc 15

      1 Now all the tax collectors and sinners were coming close to him to hear him.
      2 The Pharisees and the scribes murmured, saying, "This man welcomes sinners, and eats with them."
      10 Even so, I tell you, there is joy in the presence of the angels of God over one sinner repenting."

      Luc 19

      9 Jesus said to him, "Today, salvation has come to this house, because he also is a son of Abraham.
      10 For the Son of Man came to seek and to save that which was lost."
      22 "He said to him, 'Out of your own mouth will I judge you, you wicked servant! You knew that I am an exacting man, taking up that which I didn't lay down, and reaping that which I didn't sow.

      Actes 17

      30 The times of ignorance therefore God overlooked. But now he commands that all people everywhere should repent,

      Romains 3

      19 Now we know that whatever things the law says, it speaks to those who are under the law, that every mouth may be closed, and all the world may be brought under the judgment of God.

      Romains 5

      20 The law came in besides, that the trespass might abound; but where sin abounded, grace abounded more exceedingly;

      Romains 9

      30 What shall we say then? That the Gentiles, who didn't follow after righteousness, attained to righteousness, even the righteousness which is of faith;
      31 but Israel, following after a law of righteousness, didn't arrive at the law of righteousness.
      32 Why? Because they didn't seek it by faith, but as it were by works of the law. They stumbled over the stumbling stone;
      33 even as it is written, "Behold, I lay in Zion a stumbling stone and a rock of offense; and no one who believes in him will be disappointed."

      1 Timothée 1

      13 although I was before a blasphemer, a persecutor, and insolent. However, I obtained mercy, because I did it ignorantly in unbelief.
      14 The grace of our Lord abounded exceedingly with faith and love which is in Christ Jesus.
      15 The saying is faithful and worthy of all acceptance, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners; of whom I am chief.
      16 However, for this cause I obtained mercy, that in me first, Jesus Christ might display all his patience, for an example of those who were going to believe in him for eternal life.

      2 Pierre 3

      9 The Lord is not slow concerning his promise, as some count slowness; but is patient with us, not wishing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance.

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