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Exode 15.1

Then Moses and the children of Israel sang this song to Yahweh, and said, "I will sing to Yahweh, for he has triumphed gloriously. The horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea.
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Segond 21 Alors Moïse et les Israélites chantèrent ce cantique en l’honneur de l'Eternel : « Je chanterai en l’honneur de l'Eternel, car il a fait éclater sa gloire ; il a précipité le cheval et son cavalier dans la mer. Segond 1910 Alors Moïse et les enfants d'Israël chantèrent ce cantique à l'Éternel. Ils dirent : Je chanterai à l'Éternel, car il a fait éclater sa gloire ; Il a précipité dans la mer le cheval et son cavalier. Segond 1978 (Colombe) © Alors Moïse et les Israélites chantèrent ce cantique à l’Éternel. Ils dirent : Je chanterai à l’Éternel, car il a montré sa souveraineté ; Il a jeté dans la mer le cheval et son cavalier. Parole de Vie © Alors, avec les Israélites, Moïse chante pour le SEIGNEUR. Voici ce chant : Je veux chanter pour le SEIGNEUR. Il a remporté une grande victoire ! Il a jeté à la mer chevaux et cavaliers ! Français Courant © Moïse et les Israélites chantèrent en l’honneur du Seigneur le cantique que voici : Je veux chanter en l’honneur du Seigneur : il a remporté une victoire éclatante, il a jeté à la mer chevaux et cavaliers ! Semeur © Alors Moïse et les Israélites entonnèrent ce cantique en l’honneur de l’Eternel : Je veux chanter pour l’Eternel, il a fait éclater sa gloire, il a culbuté dans la mer le cheval et son cavalier. Darby Alors Moïse et les fils d'Israël chantèrent ce cantique à l'Éternel, et parlèrent, disant : Je chanterai à l'Éternel, car il s'est hautement élevé ; il a précipité dans la mer le cheval et celui qui le montait. Martin Alors Moïse, et les enfants d'Israël chantèrent ce cantique à l'Eternel, et dirent : je chanterai à l'Eternel, car il s'est hautement élevé ; il a jeté dans la mer le cheval et celui qui le monte. Ostervald Alors Moïse et les enfants d'Israël chantèrent ce cantique à l'Éternel, et ils dirent : Je chanterai à l'Éternel, car il s'est hautement élevé. Il a jeté dans la mer le cheval et son cavalier. Hébreu / Grec - Texte original © אָ֣ז יָשִֽׁיר־מֹשֶׁה֩ וּבְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶת־הַשִּׁירָ֤ה הַזֹּאת֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ לֵאמֹ֑ר אָשִׁ֤ירָה לַֽיהוָה֙ כִּֽי־גָאֹ֣ה גָּאָ֔ה ס֥וּס וְרֹכְב֖וֹ רָמָ֥ה בַיָּֽם׃ World English Bible Then Moses and the children of Israel sang this song to Yahweh, and said, "I will sing to Yahweh, for he has triumphed gloriously. The horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea.

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La bible annotée Commentaire de Matthew Henry

1 à 21 Le Cantique de la délivrance

Nous avons ici, non pas la plus ancienne composition poétique des Hébreux (voir la bénédiction de Jacob, Genèse 49.1-28), mais le plus ancien de leurs cantiques, qui nous ait été conservé. On en retrouve les échos dans la poésie des âges suivants, ce qui est d'autant plus naturel que la délivrance d'Israël de sa première servitude resta à jamais pour lui le gage et l'inauguration de toutes ses victoires futures ; comparez Osée 2.15 ; Esaïe 12.2, et plusieurs psaumes, par exemple Psaumes 118.14 Dans l'Apocalypse le cantique de Moïse est chanté, avec celui de l'Agneau, au bord de la mer de cristal, par ceux qui ont vaincu la Bête (Apocalypse 15.3).

Il ne nous paraît pas que ce cantique puisse se subdiviser en strophes régulières ; mais on peut y distinguer deux parties : l'une parle de la délivrance qui vient d'avoir lieu (4 à 12) ; l'autre des grâces nouvelles que Dieu va accorder à son peuple (13 à 18). Certains traits de cette dernière partie (voir surtout le verset 17) ont fait penser à plusieurs interprètes qu'elle ne pouvait avoir été, composée que plus tard, après la construction du temple sur la colline de Sion par Salomon. Mais il est peu probable qu'un poète postérieur qui aurait composé ce cantique y eût introduit des expressions qui n'auraient eu de sens qu'au temps du roi Salomon. Il y a dans ce morceau une énergie d'expression, une vivacité d'images, une fraîcheur de sentiment qui ne s'expliquent guère que par l'impression d'un témoin immédiat. D'ailleurs, même sans tenir compte du don prophétique, les expressions qui donnent lieu à la supposition d'une composition postérieure, peuvent s'expliquer si l'on se rappelle que l'auteur attendait le prochain établissement du peuple en Canaan (autrement pourquoi emporterait-on en ce moment même les os de Joseph ?) et qu'il devait attendre aussi l'érection d'un sanctuaire où Dieu habiterait au milieu de son peuple. Ce sanctuaire ne pourrait être placé que sur l'un de ces lieux élevés, de ces hauts lieux ou l'on adorait la divinité. Il est probable en soi, et les expressions du verset 1 : Moïse et les fils d'Israël, paraissent le confirmer, que l'auteur du cantique n'est autre que Moïse.

Moïse et les fils d'Israël. Sans doute Moïse entonnait les paroles et le peuple les répétait en les chantant ; puis après chaque verset (Psaumes 136.1-26) les femmes entonnaient le refrain avec l'accompagnement des instruments ; comparez versets 20 et 21.

Je veux chanter... C'est une invitation que chacun s'adresse à lui-même ; dans le refrain (verset 21 : chantez... ) l'invitation est adressée par chacun à tous.

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Le cantique de Moïse, au sujet de la délivrance d'Israël. (Exode 15:1-21)
Les eaux amères de Mara, les Israélites arrivent à Élim. (Exode 15:22-27)

Ce cantique est le plus ancien que nous connaissions. Ce chant exprime la sainteté, l'honneur de Dieu ; il exalte Son Nom, il Lui rend gloire, à Lui seul, afin de ne reconnaître aucune notoriété aux hommes. La Sainteté du Seigneur fait partie intégrante de Sa personne. Cette Sainteté est particulière, Elle provoquera la destruction prophétique finale des ennemis de l'Église. Heureux les peuples dont l'Éternel est le Seigneur ! Ces hommes ont plusieurs tâches en perspective : Lutter contre la tentation, supporter les afflictions, tout en étant convaincus de leur faiblesse ; mais la Grâce est là et leur donne toutes forces nécessaires. S'ils traversent l'épreuve, ils trouvent en Dieu tout le réconfort ; Il est l'objet de leur louange. Le péché, la mort et l'enfer peuvent les menacer, mais c'est dans l'Éternel qu'ils trouveront leur salut.

Le Seigneur est un Dieu Tout Puissant, Il maudit ceux qui se rebellent contre Lui, le Créateur ! Il est un Dieu d'une incomparable perfection ; Il est glorieux dans toute Sa Sainteté ; cette Sainteté représente Sa Gloire. Elle lutte contre le péché et Sa colère attaque les pécheurs endurcis. Cette Sainteté est la délivrance d'Israël, Ses promesses sont infaillibles. Cette Sainteté fait l'objet de toutes les louanges des serviteurs de l'Éternel, Elle est terrible quand Ses ennemis la subissent. Elle fait des merveilles, Elle accomplit des choses surnaturelles ; cette Sainteté confond par Sa puissance, ceux qui placent en Elle leur confiance, tout en étant convaincus d'être indignes d'en bénéficier. Ce cantique de Moïse souligne les merveilles de Sa Puissance et de Sa Grâce ; dans tout cela, Dieu doit être adoré, en toute humilité !

Matthew Henry © traduction Dominique Osché
Alors Moïse 04872 et les enfants 01121 d’Israël 03478 chantèrent 07891 08799 ce cantique 07892 à l’Eternel 03068. Ils dirent 0559 08799 0559 08800 : Je chanterai 07891 08799 à l’Eternel 03068, car il a fait éclater 01342 08804 sa gloire 01342 08800 ; Il a précipité 07411 08804 dans la mer 03220 le cheval 05483 et son cavalier 07392 08802.
0559 - 'amar dire, parler, prononcer répondre, penser, commander, promettre, avoir l'intention de être entendu, être appelé se … 01121 - ben fils, petit-fils, enfant, membre d'un groupe fils, enfant mâle petit-fils enfant (garçon ou fille) jeunesse, … 01342 - ga'ah se lever, être exalté en triomphe, croître sens poétique: être élevé, majestueux 03068 - Yĕhovah l'Éternel (Jéhovah, ou mieux: Yahvé) = « celui qui est l'existant » le nom propre … 03220 - yam mer Mer Méditerranée Mer Rouge Mer Morte Mer de Galilée mer (en général) fleuve puissant … 03478 - Yisra'el Israël = « Dieu prévaut, », « lutteur avec Dieu » le second nom de … 04872 - Mosheh Égyptien.: enfant, fils le prophète et législateur, chef de l'exode 05483 - cuwc hirondelle, rapide cheval chevaux de trait, de chars 07392 - rakab monter et faire du cheval (Qal) monter, s'asseoir, mener monter à cheval, sur une monture … 07411 - ramah jeter, tirer, lancer (Qal) jeter tireurs à l'arc, archers (Piel) précipiter tromper, séduire, décevoir, égarer, … 07891 - shiyr chanter (Qal) chanter chanteur, chanteuse (Polel) chanter chanteur, chanteuse (Hofal) être chanté 07892 - shiyr chant chant lyrique chant religieux, cantique chant des chœurs Lévitiques chanson ode 08799 Radical : Qal 08851 Mode : Imparfait 08811 Nombre : 19885 08800 Radical : Qal 08851 Mode : Infinitif 08812 Nombre : 4888 08802 Radical : Qal 08851 Mode : Participe Actif 08814 Nombre : 5386 08804 Radical : Qal 08851 Mode : Parfait 08816 Nombre : 12562
© Éditions CLÉ, avec autorisation

CHANT Le chant est-il antérieur à la parole (comme on le voit au vagissement du nouveau-né), … DIEU 1. Introduction. La connaissance de Dieu est progressive et historique. Dieu a parlé à nos … EXODE Nom, contenu, subdivisions. Le nom du deuxième livre du Pent. vient du texte grec des … PENTATEUQUE 1. Introduction. Le mot Pentateuque (dérivé du gr. pente =cinq, et teukhos =rouleau de papyrus), … PROPHÈTE 6. VI Les trois grands siècles de la prophétie. Nous avons vu ce qu'était le milieu … PSEUDÉPIGRAPHES (les livres) On désigne ainsi un certain nombre d'écrits juifs, parus vers le début de notre ère … SABBAT I Le jour du sabbat. 1. Le sabbat est l'objet du quatrième commandement du Décalogue …

    • Exode 14

      17 I, behold, I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians, and they shall go in after them: and I will get myself honor over Pharaoh, and over all his armies, over his chariots, and over his horsemen.
      18 The Egyptians shall know that I am Yahweh, when I have gotten myself honor over Pharaoh, over his chariots, and over his horsemen."
      27 Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning appeared; and the Egyptians fled against it. Yahweh overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea.

      Exode 15

      1 Then Moses and the children of Israel sang this song to Yahweh, and said, "I will sing to Yahweh, for he has triumphed gloriously. The horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea.
      21 Miriam answered them, "Sing to Yahweh, for he has triumphed gloriously. The horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea."

      Exode 18

      11 Now I know that Yahweh is greater than all gods because of the thing in which they dealt arrogantly against them."

      Juges 5

      1 Then Deborah and Barak the son of Abinoam sang on that day, saying,
      2 "Because the leaders took the lead in Israel, because the people offered themselves willingly, be blessed, Yahweh!
      3 "Hear, you kings! Give ear, you princes! I, even I, will sing to Yahweh. I will sing praise to Yahweh, the God of Israel.
      4 "Yahweh, when you went forth out of Seir, when you marched out of the field of Edom, the earth trembled, the sky also dropped. Yes, the clouds dropped water.
      5 The mountains quaked at the presence of Yahweh, even Sinai, at the presence of Yahweh, the God of Israel.
      6 "In the days of Shamgar the son of Anath, in the days of Jael, the highways were unoccupied. The travelers walked through byways.
      7 The rulers ceased in Israel. They ceased until I, Deborah, arose; Until I arose a mother in Israel.
      8 They chose new gods. Then war was in the gates. Was there a shield or spear seen among forty thousand in Israel?
      9 My heart is toward the governors of Israel, who offered themselves willingly among the people. Bless Yahweh!
      10 "Speak, you who ride on white donkeys, you who sit on rich carpets, and you who walk by the way.
      11 Far from the noise of archers, in the places of drawing water, there they will rehearse the righteous acts of Yahweh, the righteous acts of his rule in Israel. "Then the people of Yahweh went down to the gates.
      12 'Awake, awake, Deborah! Awake, awake, utter a song! Arise, Barak, and lead away your captives, you son of Abinoam.'
      13 "Then a remnant of the nobles and the people came down. Yahweh came down for me against the mighty.
      14 Those whose root is in Amalek came out of Ephraim, after you, Benjamin, among your peoples. Governors come down out of Machir. Those who handle the marshal's staff came out of Zebulun.
      15 The princes of Issachar were with Deborah. As was Issachar, so was Barak. They rushed into the valley at his feet. By the watercourses of Reuben, there were great resolves of heart.
      16 Why did you sit among the sheepfolds, To hear the whistling for the flocks? At the watercourses of Reuben There were great searchings of heart.
      17 Gilead lived beyond the Jordan. Why did Dan remain in ships? Asher sat still at the haven of the sea, and lived by his creeks.
      18 Zebulun was a people that jeopardized their lives to the deaths; Naphtali also, on the high places of the field.
      19 "The kings came and fought, then the kings of Canaan fought at Taanach by the waters of Megiddo. They took no plunder of silver.
      20 From the sky the stars fought. From their courses, they fought against Sisera.
      21 The river Kishon swept them away, that ancient river, the river Kishon. My soul, march on with strength.
      22 Then the horse hoofs stamped because of the prancings, the prancings of their strong ones.
      23 'Curse Meroz,' said the angel of Yahweh. 'Curse bitterly its inhabitants, because they didn't come to help Yahweh, to help Yahweh against the mighty.'
      24 "Jael shall be blessed above women, the wife of Heber the Kenite; blessed shall she be above women in the tent.
      25 He asked for water. She gave him milk. She brought him butter in a lordly dish.
      26 She put her hand to the tent peg, and her right hand to the workmen's hammer. With the hammer she struck Sisera. She struck through his head. Yes, she pierced and struck through his temples.
      27 At her feet he bowed, he fell, he lay. At her feet he bowed, he fell. Where he bowed, there he fell down dead.
      28 "Through the window she looked out, and cried: Sisera's mother looked through the lattice. 'Why is his chariot so long in coming? Why do the wheels of his chariots wait?'
      29 Her wise ladies answered her, Yes, she returned answer to herself,
      30 'Have they not found, have they not divided the spoil? A lady, two ladies to every man; to Sisera a spoil of dyed garments, a spoil of dyed garments embroidered, of dyed garments embroidered on both sides, on the necks of the spoil?'
      31 "So let all your enemies perish, Yahweh, but let those who love him be as the sun when it rises forth in its strength." Then the land had rest forty years.

      2 Samuel 22

      1 David spoke to Yahweh the words of this song in the day that Yahweh delivered him out of the hand of all his enemies, and out of the hand of Saul:
      2 and he said, "Yahweh is my rock, my fortress, and my deliverer, even mine;
      3 God, my rock, in him I will take refuge; my shield, and the horn of my salvation, my high tower, and my refuge. My savior, you save me from violence.
      4 I will call on Yahweh, who is worthy to be praised: So shall I be saved from my enemies.
      5 For the waves of death surrounded me. The floods of ungodliness made me afraid.
      6 The cords of Sheol were around me. The snares of death caught me.
      7 In my distress I called on Yahweh. Yes, I called to my God. He heard my voice out of his temple. My cry came into his ears.
      8 Then the earth shook and trembled. The foundations of heaven quaked and were shaken, because he was angry.
      9 Smoke went up out of his nostrils. Fire out of his mouth devoured. Coals were kindled by it.
      10 He bowed the heavens also, and came down. Thick darkness was under his feet.
      11 He rode on a cherub, and flew. Yes, he was seen on the wings of the wind.
      12 He made darkness pavilions around himself: gathering of waters, and thick clouds of the skies.
      13 At the brightness before him, coals of fire were kindled.
      14 Yahweh thundered from heaven. The Most High uttered his voice.
      15 He sent out arrows, and scattered them; lightning, and confused them.
      16 Then the channels of the sea appeared. The foundations of the world were laid bare by the rebuke of Yahweh, At the blast of the breath of his nostrils.
      17 He sent from on high and he took me. He drew me out of many waters.
      18 He delivered me from my strong enemy, from those who hated me, for they were too mighty for me.
      19 They came on me in the day of my calamity, but Yahweh was my support.
      20 He also brought me out into a large place. He delivered me, because he delighted in me.
      21 Yahweh rewarded me according to my righteousness. He rewarded me according to the cleanness of my hands.
      22 For I have kept the ways of Yahweh, and have not wickedly departed from my God.
      23 For all his ordinances were before me. As for his statutes, I did not depart from them.
      24 I was also perfect toward him. I kept myself from my iniquity.
      25 Therefore Yahweh has rewarded me according to my righteousness, According to my cleanness in his eyesight.
      26 With the merciful you will show yourself merciful. With the perfect man you will show yourself perfect.
      27 With the pure you will show yourself pure. With the crooked you will show yourself shrewd.
      28 You will save the afflicted people, But your eyes are on the haughty, that you may bring them down.
      29 For you are my lamp, Yahweh. Yahweh will light up my darkness.
      30 For by you, I run against a troop. By my God, I leap over a wall.
      31 As for God, his way is perfect. The word of Yahweh is tested. He is a shield to all those who take refuge in him.
      32 For who is God, besides Yahweh? Who is a rock, besides our God?
      33 God is my strong fortress. He makes my way perfect.
      34 He makes his feet like hinds' feet, and sets me on my high places.
      35 He teaches my hands to war, so that my arms bend a bow of brass.
      36 You have also given me the shield of your salvation. Your gentleness has made me great.
      37 You have enlarged my steps under me. My feet have not slipped.
      38 I have pursued my enemies and destroyed them. I didn't turn again until they were consumed.
      39 I have consumed them, and struck them through, so that they can't arise. Yes, they have fallen under my feet.
      40 For you have armed me with strength for the battle. You have subdued under me those who rose up against me.
      41 You have also made my enemies turn their backs to me, that I might cut off those who hate me.
      42 They looked, but there was none to save; even to Yahweh, but he didn't answer them.
      43 Then I beat them as small as the dust of the earth. I crushed them as the mire of the streets, and spread them abroad.
      44 You also have delivered me from the strivings of my people. You have kept me to be the head of the nations. A people whom I have not known will serve me.
      45 The foreigners will submit themselves to me. As soon as they hear of me, they will obey me.
      46 The foreigners will fade away, and will come trembling out of their close places.
      47 Yahweh lives! Blessed be my rock! Exalted be God, the rock of my salvation,
      48 even the God who executes vengeance for me, who brings down peoples under me,
      49 who brings me away from my enemies. Yes, you lift me up above those who rise up against me. You deliver me from the violent man.
      50 Therefore I will give thanks to you, Yahweh, among the nations. Will sing praises to your name.
      51 He gives great deliverance to his king, and shows loving kindness to his anointed, to David and to his seed, forevermore."

      Psaumes 106

      12 Then they believed his words. They sang his praise.

      Psaumes 107

      8 Let them praise Yahweh for his loving kindness, for his wonderful works to the children of men!
      15 Let them praise Yahweh for his loving kindness, for his wonderful works to the children of men!
      21 Let them praise Yahweh for his loving kindness, for his wonderful works to the children of men!
      22 Let them offer the sacrifices of thanksgiving, and declare his works with singing.

      Esaïe 12

      1 In that day you will say, "I will give thanks to you, Yahweh; for though you were angry with me, your anger has turned away and you comfort me.
      2 Behold, God is my salvation. I will trust, and will not be afraid; for Yah, Yahweh, is my strength and song; and he has become my salvation."
      3 Therefore with joy you will draw water out of the wells of salvation.
      4 In that day you will say, "Give thanks to Yahweh! Call on his name. Declare his doings among the peoples. Proclaim that his name is exalted!
      5 Sing to Yahweh, for he has done excellent things! Let this be known in all the earth!
      6 Cry aloud and shout, you inhabitant of Zion; for the Holy One of Israel is great in the midst of you!"

      Esaïe 51

      10 Isn't it you who dried up the sea, the waters of the great deep; who made the depths of the sea a way for the redeemed to pass over?

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