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Genèse 25.2

Zimran, transcrit par les LXX Zombrân, ou Zembram. Ce nom est identique avec celui de Zabram, ville située, au temps du géographe Ptolémée, sur la mer Rouge, à l'ouest de la Mecque. On peut aussi comparer les Zamarêni, tribu arabe de l'intérieur de l'Arabie dont parle Pline.

Johschan est identifié par quelques auteurs avec les Cassanites (comparez Joktan et Katan, 10.25) qui, d'après Pline, habitaient sur la mer Rouge, au sud de Zimran. La ressemblance des deux noms Joktan et Jokschan a fait supposer qu'ils désignent tous deux la même tribu. Cela est, d'autant plus vraisemblable que Schéba, qui est mentionné dans 10.27 comme fils de Joktan, se trouve être au verset 3 de notre chapitre un fils de Jokschan.

Médan n'est mentionné nulle part ailleurs dans l'Ancien Testament. Ce peuple se fondit probablement de bonne heure avec les Madianites. Comparez Genèse 37.28, 36, où les mêmes marchands sont appelés une fois Midianim et une fois Medanim. Ptolémée parle d'un lieu appelé Modiana sur la côte orientale du golfe Elanitique, et d'un autre du nom de Madiana dans l'Arabie Heureuse. Les géographes arabes parlent aussi d'un endroit de cette dernière contrée nommé Madiané.

Madian, la tribu la plus importante parmi les descendants de Kétura. C'était un peuple commerçant et nomade, que les Israélites rencontrèrent au Sinaï (Exode chapitres 2 et 17) et dans les contrées à l'est du Jourdain (Nombres 22.4, 7 ; 25.6,17 ; 31.1 et suivants), et qui, au temps des Juges, envahit même le territoire israélite (Juges 6.1-5 et suivants). Il existait encore au temps des rois (Esaïe 60.6).

Jisbak, inconnu.

Suach, patrie de Bildad, l'un des amis de Job (Job 2.11). On cite plusieurs noms qui rappellent celui-là dans l'Arabie septentrionale.


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    • Genèse 25

      2 She bore him Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah.

      Genèse 36

      35 Husham died, and Hadad, the son of Bedad, who struck Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his place. The name of his city was Avith.

      Genèse 37

      28 Midianites who were merchants passed by, and they drew and lifted up Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites for twenty pieces of silver. They brought Joseph into Egypt.
      36 The Midianites sold him into Egypt to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh's, the captain of the guard.

      Exode 2

      15 Now when Pharaoh heard this thing, he sought to kill Moses. But Moses fled from the face of Pharaoh, and lived in the land of Midian, and he sat down by a well.
      16 Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters. They came and drew water, and filled the troughs to water their father's flock.

      Exode 18

      1 Now Jethro, the priest of Midian, Moses' father-in-law, heard of all that God had done for Moses, and for Israel his people, how that Yahweh had brought Israel out of Egypt.
      2 Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, received Zipporah, Moses' wife, after he had sent her away,
      3 and her two sons. The name of one son was Gershom, for Moses said, "I have lived as a foreigner in a foreign land".
      4 The name of the other was Eliezer, for he said, "My father's God was my help and delivered me from Pharaoh's sword."

      Nombres 22

      4 Moab said to the elders of Midian, "Now this multitude will lick up all that is around us, as the ox licks up the grass of the field." Balak the son of Zippor was king of Moab at that time.

      Nombres 25

      17 "Harass the Midianites, and strike them;
      18 for they harassed you with their wiles, with which they have deceived you in the matter of Peor, and in the matter of Cozbi, the daughter of the prince of Midian, their sister, who was slain on the day of the plague in the matter of Peor."

      Nombres 31

      2 "Avenge the children of Israel for the Midianites. Afterward you shall be gathered to your people."
      8 They killed the kings of Midian with the rest of their slain: Evi, and Rekem, and Zur, and Hur, and Reba, the five kings of Midian: Balaam also the son of Beor they killed with the sword.

      Juges 6

      1 The children of Israel did that which was evil in the sight of Yahweh: and Yahweh delivered them into the hand of Midian seven years.
      2 The hand of Midian prevailed against Israel; and because of Midian the children of Israel made them the dens which are in the mountains, and the caves, and the strongholds.
      3 So it was, when Israel had sown, that the Midianites came up, and the Amalekites, and the children of the east; they came up against them;
      4 and they encamped against them, and destroyed the increase of the earth, until you come to Gaza, and left no sustenance in Israel, neither sheep, nor ox, nor donkey.
      5 For they came up with their livestock and their tents; they came in as locusts for multitude; both they and their camels were without number: and they came into the land to destroy it.
      6 Israel was brought very low because of Midian; and the children of Israel cried to Yahweh.
      7 It happened, when the children of Israel cried to Yahweh because of Midian,
      8 that Yahweh sent a prophet to the children of Israel: and he said to them, "Thus says Yahweh, the God of Israel, 'I brought you up from Egypt, and brought you forth out of the house of bondage;

      1 Chroniques 1

      32 The sons of Keturah, Abraham's concubine: she bore Zimran, and Jokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak, and Shuah. The sons of Jokshan: Sheba, and Dedan.
      33 The sons of Midian: Ephah, and Epher, and Hanoch, and Abida, and Eldaah. All these were the sons of Keturah.

      Job 2

      11 Now when Job's three friends heard of all this evil that had come on him, they each came from his own place: Eliphaz the Temanite, Bildad the Shuhite, and Zophar the Naamathite, and they made an appointment together to come to sympathize with him and to comfort him.

      Jérémie 25

      25 and all the kings of Zimri, and all the kings of Elam, and all the kings of the Medes;

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