Nouveau moyen de paiement Afrique

Genèse 37.25

25 à 30 Joseph vendu

Ils s'assirent pour manger. Calme effrayant après un pareil crime.

Caravane d'Ismaélites. Habitant le désert de Syrie, les Ismaélites étaient tout désignés par la position géographique et la stérilité de leur pays pour faire le commerce entre l'Asie occidentale et l'Egypte.

Galaad ; la contrée située à l'est du Jourdain. Comparez 21.25, note.

Astragale, baume, ladanum. Ces produits sont la résine d'arbres ou d'arbrisseaux abondant tous trois en Palestine, en Syrie et en Arabie. L'astragale (astragalus gummifer), appelé aussi tragacanthe, est un arbrisseau épineux d'un mètre environ. Le second arbre (pistacia lentiscus ou mastix), qui fournit le fameux baume de Galaad, atteint une hauteur de quinze mètres. Le ladanum enfin (ne pas confondre avec laudanum) provient d'un buisson de un à trois mètres de hauteur, le cistus creticus, qui porte de jolies fleurs jaunes ou blanches.

Ces résines odoriférantes étaient employées en grande quantité par les Egyptiens pour l'embaumement des corps, pour les encensements à faire aux dieux, pour la purification de l'air et la préparation des couleurs. C'est un fait intéressant, que les noms des deux premiers de ces parfums ont été retrouvés sur les murs du laboratoire d'un temple égyptien ; l'astragale y est appelé nekpat (hébreu nehoth, arabe nakoath) ; le baume, tara (hébreu tsori) ; tous deux entraient dans la composition du fameux parfum appelé kyphi. Quant au ladanum (hébreu lot, arabe ladan, assyrien ladounou), son nom n'a pas été retrouvé en Egypte, mais on l'a reconnu en grande quantité dans les momies.

Qu'ils allaient porter en Egypte. Aujourd'hui encore, des caravanes composées de ces mêmes habitants du désert transportent de la même manière ces mêmes produits en Egypte.


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    • Genèse 16

      11 The angel of Yahweh said to her, "Behold, you are with child, and will bear a son. You shall call his name Ishmael, because Yahweh has heard your affliction.
      12 He will be like a wild donkey among men. His hand will be against every man, and every man's hand against him. He will live opposite all of his brothers."

      Genèse 25

      1 Abraham took another wife, and her name was Keturah.
      2 She bore him Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah.
      3 Jokshan became the father of Sheba, and Dedan. The sons of Dedan were Asshurim, Letushim, and Leummim.
      4 The sons of Midian: Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida, and Eldaah. All these were the children of Keturah.
      16 These are the sons of Ishmael, and these are their names, by their villages, and by their encampments: twelve princes, according to their nations.
      17 These are the years of the life of Ishmael: one hundred thirty-seven years. He gave up the spirit and died, and was gathered to his people.
      18 They lived from Havilah to Shur that is before Egypt, as you go toward Assyria. He lived opposite all his relatives.

      Genèse 31

      21 So he fled with all that he had. He rose up, passed over the River, and set his face toward the mountain of Gilead.
      23 He took his relatives with him, and pursued after him seven days' journey. He overtook him in the mountain of Gilead.

      Genèse 37

      25 They sat down to eat bread, and they lifted up their eyes and looked, and saw a caravan of Ishmaelites was coming from Gilead, with their camels bearing spices and balm and myrrh, going to carry it down to Egypt.
      28 Midianites who were merchants passed by, and they drew and lifted up Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites for twenty pieces of silver. They brought Joseph into Egypt.
      36 The Midianites sold him into Egypt to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh's, the captain of the guard.

      Genèse 39

      1 Joseph was brought down to Egypt. Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh's, the captain of the guard, an Egyptian, bought him from the hand of the Ishmaelites that had brought him down there.

      Genèse 43

      11 Their father, Israel, said to them, "If it must be so, then do this. Take from the choice fruits of the land in your bags, and carry down a present for the man, a little balm, a little honey, spices and myrrh, nuts, and almonds;

      Esther 3

      15 The couriers went forth in haste by the king's commandment, and the decree was given out in the citadel of Susa. The king and Haman sat down to drink; but the city of Shushan was perplexed.

      Psaumes 14

      4 Have all the workers of iniquity no knowledge, who eat up my people as they eat bread, and don't call on Yahweh?

      Psaumes 83

      6 The tents of Edom and the Ishmaelites; Moab, and the Hagrites;

      Proverbes 30

      20 "So is the way of an adulterous woman: she eats and wipes her mouth, and says, 'I have done nothing wrong.'

      Jérémie 8

      22 Is there no balm in Gilead? is there no physician there? why then isn't the health of the daughter of my people recovered?

      Jérémie 46

      11 Go up into Gilead, and take balm, virgin daughter of Egypt: in vain do you use many medicines; there is no healing for you.

      Amos 6

      6 who drink wine in bowls, and anoint themselves with the best oils; but they are not grieved for the affliction of Joseph.

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