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Jacques 1.26

Etre dévot ou religieux.

Ce mot ne se retrouve nulle part dans le Nouveau Testament. Le substantif formé de la même racine, et employé à versets 26,27, ne reparaît que deux fois ailleurs, appliqué à la religion juive, (Actes 26.5) et à un culte rendu aux aortes. (Colossiens 2.18)

Ce terme désigne la piété qui s'exprime dans les pratiques religieuses. Il n'implique pas que ces pratiques soient formalistes et dénuées de sincérité.

Le contraste que Jacques établit, à versets 26,27, entre la fausse et la vraie dévotion, rappelle celui qu'il a peint à versets 22-25.

Tel de ses lecteurs pouvait se dire : "Je ne suis point un auditeur oublieux, j'observe très exactement la loi ; je remplis scrupuleusement mes devoirs religieux, en rendant mon culte à Dieu selon ses prescriptions."

Il faut se rappeler, en effet, avec quel pieux zèle les premiers chrétiens sortis du judaïsme s'appliquaient aux cérémonies du culte israélite. (Actes 2.46 ; 3.1 ; 21.17-26)

Jacques montre à ce lecteur qu'il est dans l'illusion, si, avec toute sa dévotion, il conserve un défaut comme l'intempérance de langue ; par cette erreur de jugement moral, ou ce manque de discipline exercée sur soi même, il trompe son cœur, il se rassure à tort, comme l'auditeur oublieux se séduisait par de faux raisonnements. (verset 22)


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      Deutéronome 11

      16 Take heed to yourselves, lest your heart be deceived, and you turn aside, and serve other gods, and worship them;

      Psaumes 32

      9 Don't be like the horse, or like the mule, which have no understanding, who are controlled by bit and bridle, or else they will not come near to you.

      Psaumes 34

      13 Keep your tongue from evil, and your lips from speaking lies.

      Psaumes 39

      1 <> I said, "I will watch my ways, so that I don't sin with my tongue. I will keep my mouth with a bridle while the wicked is before me."
      2 I was mute with silence. I held my peace, even from good. My sorrow was stirred.

      Psaumes 141

      3 Set a watch, Yahweh, before my mouth. Keep the door of my lips.

      Proverbes 10

      19 In the multitude of words there is no lack of disobedience, but he who restrains his lips does wisely.
      31 The mouth of the righteous brings forth wisdom, but the perverse tongue will be cut off.

      Proverbes 13

      2 By the fruit of his lips, a man enjoys good things; but the unfaithful crave violence.
      3 He who guards his mouth guards his soul. One who opens wide his lips comes to ruin.

      Proverbes 14

      12 There is a way which seems right to a man, but in the end it leads to death.

      Proverbes 15

      2 The tongue of the wise commends knowledge, but the mouth of fools gush out folly.

      Proverbes 16

      10 Inspired judgments are on the lips of the king. He shall not betray his mouth.
      25 There is a way which seems right to a man, but in the end it leads to death.

      Proverbes 19

      1 Better is the poor who walks in his integrity than he who is perverse in his lips and is a fool.

      Proverbes 21

      26 There are those who covet greedily all day long; but the righteous give and don't withhold.

      Esaïe 1

      13 Bring no more vain offerings. Incense is an abomination to me; new moons, Sabbaths, and convocations: I can't bear with evil assemblies.

      Esaïe 44

      20 He feeds on ashes. A deceived heart has turned him aside; and he can't deliver his soul, nor say, "Isn't there a lie in my right hand?"

      Malachie 3

      14 You have said, 'It is vain to serve God;' and 'What profit is it that we have followed his instructions, and that we have walked mournfully before Yahweh of Armies?

      Matthieu 15

      9 And in vain do they worship me, teaching as doctrine rules made by men.'"

      Marc 7

      7 But in vain do they worship me, teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.'

      Luc 8

      18 Be careful therefore how you hear. For whoever has, to him will be given; and whoever doesn't have, from him will be taken away even that which he thinks he has."

      1 Corinthiens 3

      18 Let no one deceive himself. If anyone thinks that he is wise among you in this world, let him become a fool, that he may become wise.

      1 Corinthiens 15

      2 by which also you are saved, if you hold firmly the word which I preached to you--unless you believed in vain.
      15 Yes, we are found false witnesses of God, because we testified about God that he raised up Christ, whom he didn't raise up, if it is so that the dead are not raised.

      Galates 2

      6 But from those who were reputed to be important (whatever they were, it makes no difference to me; God doesn't show partiality to man)--they, I say, who were respected imparted nothing to me,
      9 and when they perceived the grace that was given to me, James and Cephas and John, they who were reputed to be pillars, gave to me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, that we should go to the Gentiles, and they to the circumcision.

      Galates 3

      4 Did you suffer so many things in vain, if it is indeed in vain?

      Galates 6

      3 For if a man thinks himself to be something when he is nothing, he deceives himself.

      Ephésiens 4

      29 Let no corrupt speech proceed out of your mouth, but such as is good for building up as the need may be, that it may give grace to those who hear.

      Ephésiens 5

      4 nor filthiness, nor foolish talking, nor jesting, which are not appropriate; but rather giving of thanks.

      Colossiens 4

      6 Let your speech always be with grace, seasoned with salt, that you may know how you ought to answer each one.

      Jacques 1

      19 So, then, my beloved brothers, let every man be swift to hear, slow to speak, and slow to anger;
      22 But be doers of the word, and not only hearers, deluding your own selves.
      26 If anyone among you thinks himself to be religious while he doesn't bridle his tongue, but deceives his heart, this man's religion is worthless.

      Jacques 2

      20 But do you want to know, vain man, that faith apart from works is dead?

      Jacques 3

      2 For in many things we all stumble. If anyone doesn't stumble in word, the same is a perfect man, able to bridle the whole body also.
      3 Indeed, we put bits into the horses' mouths so that they may obey us, and we guide their whole body.
      4 Behold, the ships also, though they are so big and are driven by fierce winds, are yet guided by a very small rudder, wherever the pilot desires.
      5 So the tongue is also a little member, and boasts great things. See how a small fire can spread to a large forest!
      6 And the tongue is a fire. The world of iniquity among our members is the tongue, which defiles the whole body, and sets on fire the course of nature, and is set on fire by Gehenna.

      1 Pierre 3

      10 For, "He who would love life, and see good days, let him keep his tongue from evil, and his lips from speaking deceit.
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