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KBM_Pub_Ecole Pistis_20/07

Jean 15.20

Il leur avait dit cette parole (Jean 13.16) pour les exhorter à l'humilité ; il la leur rappelle ici pour les encourager à souffrir avec patience. (Comparer Matthieu 10.24)

Puisque le serviteur n'est pas plus grand que son seigneur, les disciples ne doivent pas s'attendre à éviter les persécutions que leur Maître a endurées, il les en prévient, afin qu'ils ne soient pas découragés quand elles se produiront. (Jean 16.1-4)

Mais quel est le sens de ces derniers mots : s'ils ont gardé ma parole, ils garderont aussi la vôtre ?

Au premier abord, il paraît tout simple de considérer comme sujet de la proposition les individus bien disposés qui se sont séparés de la masse hostile : si, même au milieu de son peuple qui le rejetait, Jésus eut le bonheur de voir un petit nombre d'âmes recevoir sa parole et s'attacher à lui, il en sera de même pour les disciples. Telle est l'interprétation d'Olshausen, Lange, M. Godet.

Mais on objecte à cette interprétation que le sujet de la seconde partie du verset 20 doit être le même que celui de la première partie à savoir les Juifs persécuteurs, auxquels se rapportent du reste tous les verbes de ce discours. (versets 20,21,22 et jusqu'à verset 25)

Il ne faut pas avec Grotius et Stier voir dans la seconde proposition une douloureuse ironie : ils ne garderont pas plus votre parole qu'ils n'ont gardé la mienne ! L'ironie ne convient pas au sérieux et à la sérénité de ce discours ; et cette déclaration amère ne serait pas exacte, car l'insuccès de Jésus n'avait pas été complet.

Il faut laisser à la parole de Jésus son sens général. L'accueil qu'il a reçu de la part du monde présage aux disciples l'accueil auquel ils doivent s'attendre eux-mêmes : les uns les persécuteront, d'autres garderont leur parole ; des troisièmes, comme Saul de Tarse, passeront des rangs des persécuteurs à ceux des fidèles.

Le monde ennemi de Dieu n'est jamais toute notre humanité ; son opposition violente contre l'Evangile ne se manifeste pas partout de la même manière absolue. Il reste toujours un vaste champ où les disciples peuvent répandre la parole de vie avec la certitude de rencontrer des âmes qui la garderont. Telle est l'interprétation de Wette, Meyer, Luthardt, Weiss, Keil, Astié.


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      1 Samuel 8

      7 Yahweh said to Samuel, "Listen to the voice of the people in all that they tell you; for they have not rejected you, but they have rejected me, that I should not be king over them.

      Esaïe 53

      1 Who has believed our message? To whom has the arm of Yahweh been revealed?
      2 For he grew up before him as a tender plant, and as a root out of dry ground. He has no good looks or majesty. When we see him, there is no beauty that we should desire him.
      3 He was despised, and rejected by men; a man of suffering, and acquainted with disease. He was despised as one from whom men hide their face; and we didn't respect him.

      Ezéchiel 3

      7 But the house of Israel will not listen to you; for they will not listen to me: for all the house of Israel are obstinate and hard-hearted.

      Matthieu 10

      24 "A disciple is not above his teacher, nor a servant above his lord.

      Luc 2

      34 and Simeon blessed them, and said to Mary, his mother, "Behold, this child is set for the falling and the rising of many in Israel, and for a sign which is spoken against.

      Luc 6

      40 A disciple is not above his teacher, but everyone when he is fully trained will be like his teacher.

      Jean 5

      16 For this cause the Jews persecuted Jesus, and sought to kill him, because he did these things on the Sabbath.

      Jean 7

      32 The Pharisees heard the multitude murmuring these things concerning him, and the chief priests and the Pharisees sent officers to arrest him.

      Jean 8

      51 Most certainly, I tell you, if a person keeps my word, he will never see death."
      59 Therefore they took up stones to throw at him, but Jesus was hidden, and went out of the temple, having gone through their midst, and so passed by.

      Jean 10

      31 Therefore Jews took up stones again to stone him.

      Jean 11

      57 Now the chief priests and the Pharisees had commanded that if anyone knew where he was, he should report it, that they might seize him.

      Jean 13

      16 Most certainly I tell you, a servant is not greater than his lord, neither one who is sent greater than he who sent him.

      Jean 15

      20 Remember the word that I said to you: 'A servant is not greater than his lord.' If they persecuted me, they will also persecute you. If they kept my word, they will keep yours also.

      Actes 4

      27 "For truly, in this city against your holy servant, Jesus, whom you anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, with the Gentiles and the people of Israel, were gathered together
      28 to do whatever your hand and your council foreordained to happen.
      29 Now, Lord, look at their threats, and grant to your servants to speak your word with all boldness,
      30 while you stretch out your hand to heal; and that signs and wonders may be done through the name of your holy Servant Jesus."

      Actes 7

      52 Which of the prophets didn't your fathers persecute? They killed those who foretold the coming of the Righteous One, of whom you have now become betrayers and murderers.
      53 You received the law as it was ordained by angels, and didn't keep it!"
      54 Now when they heard these things, they were cut to the heart, and they gnashed at him with their teeth.
      55 But he, being full of the Holy Spirit, looked up steadfastly into heaven, and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing on the right hand of God,
      56 and said, "Behold, I see the heavens opened, and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God!"
      57 But they cried out with a loud voice, and stopped their ears, and rushed at him with one accord.
      58 They threw him out of the city, and stoned him. The witnesses placed their garments at the feet of a young man named Saul.
      59 They stoned Stephen as he called out, saying, "Lord Jesus, receive my spirit!"
      60 He kneeled down, and cried with a loud voice, "Lord, don't hold this sin against them!" When he had said this, he fell asleep.

      1 Corinthiens 4

      12 We toil, working with our own hands. When people curse us, we bless. Being persecuted, we endure.

      2 Corinthiens 4

      9 pursued, yet not forsaken; struck down, yet not destroyed;

      1 Thessaloniciens 2

      15 who killed both the Lord Jesus and their own prophets, and drove us out, and didn't please God, and are contrary to all men;

      2 Timothée 3

      12 Yes, and all who desire to live godly in Christ Jesus will suffer persecution.
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