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10
This is my covenant, which you shall keep, between me and you and your seed after you. Every male among you shall be circumcised.
11
You shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskin. It will be a token of the covenant between me and you.
12
He who is eight days old will be circumcised among you, every male throughout your generations, he who is born in the house, or bought with money from any foreigner who is not of your seed.
13
He who is born in your house, and he who is bought with your money, must be circumcised. My covenant will be in your flesh for an everlasting covenant.
14
The uncircumcised male who is not circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin, that soul shall be cut off from his people. He has broken my covenant."
15
God said to Abraham, "As for Sarai your wife, you shall not call her name Sarai, but her name will be Sarah.
16
I will bless her, and moreover I will give you a son by her. Yes, I will bless her, and she will be a mother of nations. Kings of peoples will come from her."
17
Then Abraham fell on his face, and laughed, and said in his heart, "Will a child be born to him who is one hundred years old? Will Sarah, who is ninety years old, give birth?"
18
Abraham said to God, "Oh that Ishmael might live before you!"
19
God said, "No, but Sarah, your wife, will bear you a son. You shall call his name Isaac. I will establish my covenant with him for an everlasting covenant for his seed after him.
20
As for Ishmael, I have heard you. Behold, I have blessed him, and will make him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly. He will become the father of twelve princes, and I will make him a great nation.
21
But my covenant I establish with Isaac, whom Sarah will bear to you at this set time next year."
22
When he finished talking with him, God went up from Abraham.
23
Abraham took Ishmael his son, all who were born in his house, and all who were bought with his money; every male among the men of Abraham's house, and circumcised the flesh of their foreskin in the same day, as God had said to him.
24
Abraham was ninety-nine years old, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.
25
Ishmael, his son, was thirteen years old when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.
26
In the same day both Abraham and Ishmael, his son, were circumcised.
27
All the men of his house, those born in the house, and those bought with money of a foreigner, were circumcised with him.
3
In the eighth day the flesh of his foreskin shall be circumcised.
22
Moses has given you circumcision (not that it is of Moses, but of the fathers), and on the Sabbath you circumcise a boy.
14
For we have heard him say that this Jesus of Nazareth will destroy this place, and will change the customs which Moses delivered to us."
Nazareth
1
Some men came down from Judea and taught the brothers, "Unless you are circumcised after the custom of Moses, you can't be saved."
Judée
3
They, being sent on their way by the assembly, passed through both Phoenicia and Samaria, declaring the conversion of the Gentiles. They caused great joy to all the brothers.
Samarie
Phénicie
5
But some of the sect of the Pharisees who believed rose up, saying, "It is necessary to circumcise them, and to command them to keep the law of Moses."
22
Then it seemed good to the apostles and the elders, with the whole assembly, to choose men out of their company, and send them to Antioch with Paul and Barnabas: Judas called Barsabbas, and Silas, chief men among the brothers.
Antioche De Pisidie
24
Because we have heard that some who went out from us have troubled you with words, unsettling your souls, saying, 'You must be circumcised and keep the law,' to whom we gave no commandment;
20
They, when they heard it, glorified God. They said to him, "You see, brother, how many thousands there are among the Jews of those who have believed, and they are all zealous for the law.
8
Blessed is the man whom the Lord will by no means charge with sin."
9
Is this blessing then pronounced on the circumcised, or on the uncircumcised also? For we say that faith was accounted to Abraham for righteousness.
Hérès (lieu)
10
How then was it counted? When he was in circumcision, or in uncircumcision? Not in circumcision, but in uncircumcision.
11
He received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had while he was in uncircumcision, that he might be the father of all those who believe, though they might be in uncircumcision, that righteousness might also be accounted to them.
Dor
12
He is the father of circumcision to those who not only are of the circumcision, but who also walk in the steps of that faith of our father Abraham, which he had in uncircumcision.
18
Was anyone called having been circumcised? Let him not become uncircumcised. Has anyone been called in uncircumcision? Let him not be circumcised.
19
Circumcision is nothing, and uncircumcision is nothing, but the keeping of the commandments of God.
1
Then after a period of fourteen years I went up again to Jerusalem with Barnabas, taking Titus also with me.
Jérusalem
3
But not even Titus, who was with me, being a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised.
4
This was because of the false brothers secretly brought in, who stole in to spy out our liberty which we have in Christ Jesus, that they might bring us into bondage;
11
But when Peter came to Antioch, I resisted him to his face, because he stood condemned.
Antioche De Pisidie
12
For before some people came from James, he ate with the Gentiles. But when they came, he drew back and separated himself, fearing those who were of the circumcision.
13
And the rest of the Jews joined him in his hypocrisy; so that even Barnabas was carried away with their hypocrisy.
14
But when I saw that they didn't walk uprightly according to the truth of the Good News, I said to Peter before them all, "If you, being a Jew, live as the Gentiles do, and not as the Jews do, why do you compel the Gentiles to live as the Jews do?
1
Stand firm therefore in the liberty by which Christ has made us free, and don't be entangled again with a yoke of bondage.
2
Behold, I, Paul, tell you that if you receive circumcision, Christ will profit you nothing.
3
Yes, I testify again to every man who receives circumcision, that he is a debtor to do the whole law.
4
You are alienated from Christ, you who desire to be justified by the law. You have fallen away from grace.
6
For in Christ Jesus neither circumcision amounts to anything, nor uncircumcision, but faith working through love.
13
For even they who receive circumcision don't keep the law themselves, but they desire to have you circumcised, that they may boast in your flesh.
14
But far be it from me to boast, except in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, through which the world has been crucified to me, and I to the world.
15
For in Christ Jesus neither is circumcision anything, nor uncircumcision, but a new creation.
16
As many as walk by this rule, peace and mercy be on them, and on God's Israel.
2
Beware of the dogs, beware of the evil workers, beware of the false circumcision.
3
For we are the circumcision, who worship God in the Spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus, and have no confidence in the flesh;
8
Be careful that you don't let anyone rob you through his philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition of men, after the elements of the world, and not after Christ.
11
in whom you were also circumcised with a circumcision not made with hands, in the putting off of the body of the sins of the flesh, in the circumcision of Christ;
12
having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the working of God, who raised him from the dead.
16
Let no one therefore judge you in eating, or in drinking, or with respect to a feast day or a new moon or a Sabbath day,
Chapitre 15.
1 à 35 Délibération des délégués d'Antioche avec les chrétiens de Jérusalem sur la position dans l'Eglise des païens convertis.
Nous retrouvons ici (comparez Actes 11.1-18, notes) en conflit les deux partis qui existaient alors dans l'Eglise : d'une part, les Juifs qui avaient embrassé l'Evangile, mais sans renoncer aux observances de la loi, auxquelles ils attachaient la plus haute importance.
Ils n'étaient point opposés à l'entrée des païens dans l'Eglise mais, convaincus de la perpétuité et des droits divins du judaïsme, ils exigeaient que les païens convertis fussent circoncis et s'engageassent par là à observer toutes les prescriptions de la loi ; en un mot, que les païens devinssent juifs avant de devenir chrétiens.
L'observation de la loi n'était pas à leurs yeux la cause du salut, puisqu'eux-mêmes avaient cru au Sauveur, mais ils en faisaient une condition absolue : Si vous n'avez été circoncis, vous ne pouvez être sauvés.
Si leur opinion avait prévalu, c'en était fait du salut par grâce, par la foi seule, et de la liberté chrétienne et de l'universalité de l'Evangile. L'Eglise chrétienne serait restée une simple modification du mosaïsme, une secte juive, semblable à celles qui persistèrent durant les premiers siècles. Elle aurait été incapable de conquérir le monde.
C'est ce que sentit vivement l'homme qui avait pour vocation spéciale de porter l'Evangile aux païens. Les besoins de son œuvre ; (Galates 2.2) et plus encore les expériences nul avaient fait de lui, pharisien zélé pour la loi, l'apôtre de la grâce, l'amenèrent à combattre vivement les doctrines des judéo-chrétiens.
Paul ne s'opposait pas à ce qu'on observât les cérémonies de la loi en les considérant comme moyens d'édification ou par respect pour les traditions des pères. Lui-même fit circoncire son disciple Timothée. (Actes 16.3) Mais dès que les exigences des judaïsants n'allaient à rien moins qu'à fausser ou à renverser le pur Evangile, alors il leur opposait une résistance invincible. (verset 2)
Le conflit était inévitable, l'entrée de nombreux païens dans L'Eglise le rendait toujours plus aigu.
L'orage éclata à Antioche, la principale Eglise du monde païen, à la suite de l'arrivée de quelques frères de Judée.
Le texte occidental ajoute qu'ils étaient de ceux de la secte des Pharisiens qui avaient cru. (Comparer verset 5, note.)
Le différend soulevé par les enseignants judaïques. (Actes 15:1-6)
Certaines personnes de Judée apprirent aux païens convertis d’Antioche, qu'ils ne pouvaient être sauvés, à moins d'observer toute la loi de cérémonie ordonnée par Moïse ; ils cherchèrent ainsi à détruire toute liberté chrétienne...La conférence de Jérusalem. (Actes 15:7-21)
La lettre du conseil. (Actes 15:22-35)
Paul et Barnabas se séparent. (Actes 15:36-41)
Nous avons souvent tendance à penser que ceux qui ne font pas comme nous, pratiquent le mal. La doctrine imposée par ces Pharisiens était très décourageante. La sagesse recommande d’éviter autant qu'il se peut les contestations et les vains différends ; cependant, quand de faux docteurs s'opposent aux principales vérités de l'Évangile, ou prêchent de fausses doctrines, n’hésitons pas à nous opposer à eux !