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Exode 18.21

Moreover you shall provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God: men of truth, hating unjust gain; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.
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L'intégrité

Pourquoi parler d’intégrité à des personnes intègres? Afin qu’elles progressent, tiennent ferme, gardent leur saveur et soient toujours plus les …

Carlo Brugnoli
Exode 18.21

Segond 21 Choisis parmi tout le peuple des hommes capables, qui craignent Dieu, des hommes intègres, ennemis du gain malhonnête. Etablis-les sur eux comme chefs de milliers, de centaines, de cinquantaines et de dizaines. Segond 1910 Choisis parmi tout le peuple des hommes capables, craignant Dieu, des hommes intègres, ennemis de la cupidité ; établis-les sur eux comme chefs de mille, chefs de cent, chefs de cinquante et chefs de dix. Segond 1978 (Colombe) © Discerne parmi tout le peuple des hommes de valeur, craignant Dieu, des hommes (attachés) à la vérité et qui haïssent le gain malhonnête ; établis- (les) sur eux comme chefs de mille, chefs de cent, chefs de cinquante et chefs de dix. Parole de Vie © Pour le reste, tu vas choisir dans tout le peuple des hommes valables : ils doivent respecter Dieu, aimer la vérité et ne pas se laisser corrompre. Tu vas les nommer comme chefs : chefs de 1 000 hommes, chefs de 100, chefs de 50 et chefs de 10. Français Courant © Pour le reste, choisis parmi le peuple des hommes de valeur, pleins de respect pour Dieu, aimant la vérité et incorruptibles ; tu les désigneras comme responsables, à la tête de groupes de mille, de cent, de cinquante ou de dix hommes. Semeur © Pour le reste, choisis parmi le peuple des hommes capables, attachés à Dieu, respectueux de la vérité, incorruptibles ; tu les placeras à la tête du peuple comme chefs de « milliers », chefs de « centaines », chefs de « cinquantaines » et chefs de « dizaines ». Darby Et choisis d'entre tout le peuple des hommes capables, craignant Dieu, des hommes de vérité, haïssant le gain déshonnête, et établis-les sur eux, chefs de milliers, chefs de centaines, chefs de cinquantaines, et chefs de dizaines ; Martin Et choisis-toi, d'entre tout le peuple, des hommes vertueux, craignant Dieu ; des hommes véritables, haïssant le gain déshonnête, et les établis chefs de milliers, et chefs de centaines, et chefs de cinquantaines, et chefs de dizaines ; Ostervald Et choisis-toi d'entre tout le peuple des hommes capables, craignant Dieu, des hommes fidèles, haïssant le gain déshonnête, et établis-les sur eux comme chefs de milliers, chefs de centaines, chefs de cinquantaines, et chefs de dizaines ; Hébreu / Grec - Texte original © וְאַתָּ֣ה תֶחֱזֶ֣ה מִכָּל־הָ֠עָם אַנְשֵׁי־חַ֜יִל יִרְאֵ֧י אֱלֹהִ֛ים אַנְשֵׁ֥י אֱמֶ֖ת שֹׂ֣נְאֵי בָ֑צַע וְשַׂמְתָּ֣ עֲלֵהֶ֗ם שָׂרֵ֤י אֲלָפִים֙ שָׂרֵ֣י מֵא֔וֹת שָׂרֵ֥י חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים וְשָׂרֵ֥י עֲשָׂרֹֽת׃ World English Bible Moreover you shall provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God: men of truth, hating unjust gain; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.

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La bible annotée Commentaire de Matthew Henry

21 et 22
Mais quant à l'application de ces principes aux cas particuliers, il doit s'en décharger sur des juges choisis dans ce but et revêtus d'une compétence plus ou moins grande.

Chefs de milliers... Une telle institution est parfaitement conforme à l'organisation patriarcale des tribus nomades, qui sont réunies par clans ou groupes de familles, par groupes de clans, etc.

Il est probable que les chiffres 10, 50, 100, 1000 devaient correspondre autant que possible à ces divisions naturelles. C'est ce qui ressort de Deutéronome 1.13, où est décrite la manière dont Moïse procéda pour instituer les juges. En arabe une dizaine signifie une famille, et le nom de milliers était chez les Juifs celui des branches de la tribu (Nombres 1.16 ; Michée 5.1).

On peut conclure de la distinction que Moïse établit au verset 22, entre les affaires qui doivent lui revenir et celles qui seront de la compétence des juges inférieurs, que c'était de l'importance des affaires que résultait le degré plus ou moins élevé du tribunal auquel elles étaient soumises. Le juge de l'ordre plus élevé fonctionnait sans doute aussi en cas d'appel de la sentence rendue par le juge d'ordre inférieur.

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Matthew Henry © traduction Dominique Osché
Choisis 02372 08799 parmi tout le peuple 05971 des hommes 0582 capables 02428, craignant 03373 Dieu 0430, des hommes 0582 intègres 0571, ennemis 08130 08802 de la cupidité 01215 ; établis 07760 08804-les sur eux comme chefs 08269 de mille 0505, chefs 08269 de cent 03967, chefs 08269 de cinquante 02572 et chefs 08269 de dix 06235.
0430 - 'elohiym juges, divinités, anges, dieux comme un dieu, possessions de Dieu, le (vrai) Dieu, Elohim 0505 - 'eleph un millier comme nombre un millier, une compagnie compagnie d'hommes avec un chef, troupes 0571 - 'emeth fermeté, fidélité, vérité sûreté stabilité fidélité, digne de confiance vérité en paroles en témoignage et … 0582 - 'enowsh homme, homme mortel, le vulgaire, personne, humain, le méchant 01215 - betsa` profit, gain injuste, profit acquit par la violence, illicite, proie, intérêt 02372 - chazah voir, apercevoir, regarder, prophétiser, stipuler voir comme un voyant dans un état extatique, avoir des … 02428 - chayil force, puissance talent, compétence armée richesse vertu, probité fruit 02572 - chamishshiym cinquante cinquante (nombre cardinal) un multiple de cinquante (avec d'autres nombres) cinquantième (nombre ordinal) 03373 - yare' craintif, dans la crainte, respectueux, avoir peur 03967 - me'ah cent un simple nombre une partie d'un nombre plus grand une fraction - un centième … 05971 - `am Ammi = « mon peuple » nation, peuple gens personnes, membres d'un même peuple, compatriotes 06235 - `eser dix dix avec d'autres nombres 07760 - suwm mettre, placer, servir, disposer, désigner, faire (Qal) poser, fixer, déposer sur, poser (violemment) les mains … 08130 - sane' haïr, être odieux, prendre en aversion (Qal) haïr de l'homme de Dieu celui qui hait, … 08269 - sar prince, souverain, chef, officiel, capitaine chef de clan, chef vassal, noble, officiel (sous le roi) … 08799 Radical : Qal 08851 Mode : Imparfait 08811 Nombre : 19885 08802 Radical : Qal 08851 Mode : Participe Actif 08814 Nombre : 5386 08804 Radical : Qal 08851 Mode : Parfait 08816 Nombre : 12562
© Éditions CLÉ, avec autorisation

ARMÉE Les armées d'Israël ont suivi la même évolution que sa civilisation. 1. Origines. Aux temps … CHEF Ce mot franc., comme le latin caput qui l'a formé, et comme l'hébreu rôch et … EXODE Nom, contenu, subdivisions. Le nom du deuxième livre du Pent. vient du texte grec des … GOUVERNEMENT Autorité qui régit une société politique, religieuse ou autre. Nous appuyant sur cette définition, nous … JÉTHRO Cheik et prêtre des Kéniens ( Jug 1:16 ), tribu madianite de la péninsule du … KÉNIENS ou KÉNITES Tribu nomade considérée comme formée par les descendants de Caïn La tradition sur Caïn, meurtrier … MOÏSE 4. IV Sortie d'Egypte et voyage au désert. On ne peut reprendre ici dans le détail … MOÏSE 5. VI Point de départ et inspiration première de l'oeuvre de Moïse. Quel a été le … MOÏSE 6. IX Les formes diverses de l'œuvre de Moïse. Quelles ont été, enfin, les formes diverses … NOMBRE I Arithmétique. Si loin qu'on remonte dans l'histoire israélite, on trouve en usage notre système … NOMBRES (livre des) Titre. Comme les trois premiers livres du Pent., celui-ci tire son nom de la traduction … PRÊTRES ET LÉVITES Définition biblique de Prêtres et Lévites : Ces deux termes désignent des membres de l'ancienne … PROPHÈTE 6. VI Les trois grands siècles de la prophétie. Nous avons vu ce qu'était le milieu … SAINT, SAINTETE Le concept « saint », ou « sacré », a été à l'origine religieux et … VÉRITÉ I Ancien Testament. Les deux termes hébreux èmeth et èmounâh sont traduits en français par …

    • Genèse 22

      12 He said, "Don't lay your hand on the boy, neither do anything to him. For now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your son, your only son, from me."

      Genèse 42

      18 Joseph said to them the third day, "Do this, and live, for I fear God.

      Exode 18

      21 Moreover you shall provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God: men of truth, hating unjust gain; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.
      25 Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.

      Exode 23

      2 "You shall not follow a crowd to do evil; neither shall you testify in court to side with a multitude to pervert justice;
      3 neither shall you favor a poor man in his cause.
      4 "If you meet your enemy's ox or his donkey going astray, you shall surely bring it back to him again.
      5 If you see the donkey of him who hates you fallen down under his burden, don't leave him, you shall surely help him with it.
      6 "You shall not deny justice to your poor people in their lawsuits.
      7 "Keep far from a false charge, and don't kill the innocent and righteous: for I will not justify the wicked.
      8 "You shall take no bribe, for a bribe blinds those who have sight and perverts the words of the righteous.
      9 "You shall not oppress an alien, for you know the heart of an alien, since you were aliens in the land of Egypt.

      Nombres 10

      4 If they blow just one, then the princes, the heads of the thousands of Israel, shall gather themselves to you.

      Deutéronome 1

      13 Take wise men of understanding and well known according to your tribes, and I will make them heads over you."
      14 You answered me, and said, "The thing which you have spoken is good to do."
      15 So I took the heads of your tribes, wise men, and known, and made them heads over you, captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds, and captains of fifties, and captains of tens, and officers, according to your tribes.
      16 I commanded your judges at that time, saying, "Hear cases between your brothers, and judge righteously between a man and his brother, and the foreigner who is living with him.
      17 You shall not show partiality in judgment; you shall hear the small and the great alike; you shall not be afraid of the face of man; for the judgment is God's. The case that is too hard for you, you shall bring to me, and I will hear it."

      Deutéronome 16

      18 You shall make judges and officers in all your gates, which Yahweh your God gives you, according to your tribes; and they shall judge the people with righteous judgment.
      19 You shall not wrest justice: you shall not respect persons; neither shall you take a bribe; for a bribe does blind the eyes of the wise, and pervert the words of the righteous.

      Josué 22

      14 and with him ten princes, one prince of a fathers' house for each of the tribes of Israel; and they were everyone of them head of their fathers' houses among the thousands of Israel.

      1 Samuel 8

      3 His sons didn't walk in his ways, but turned aside after lucre, and took bribes, and perverted justice.
      12 and he will appoint them to him for captains of thousands, and captains of fifties; and he will assign some to plow his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and the instruments of his chariots.

      1 Samuel 12

      3 Here I am. Witness against me before Yahweh, and before his anointed. Whose ox have I taken? Whose donkey have I taken? Whom have I defrauded? Whom have I oppressed? Of whose hand have I taken a ransom to blind my eyes therewith? I will restore it to you."
      4 They said, "You have not defrauded us, nor oppressed us, neither have you taken anything of any man's hand."

      2 Samuel 23

      3 The God of Israel said, the Rock of Israel spoke to me, 'One who rules over men righteously, who rules in the fear of God,

      1 Rois 3

      9 Give your servant therefore an understanding heart to judge your people, that I may discern between good and evil; for who is able to judge this your great people?"
      10 The speech pleased the Lord, that Solomon had asked this thing.
      11 God said to him, "Because you have asked this thing, and have not asked for yourself long life, neither have asked riches for yourself, nor have asked the life of your enemies, but have asked for yourself understanding to discern justice;
      12 behold, I have done according to your word. Behold, I have given you a wise and an understanding heart; so that there has been none like you before you, neither after you shall any arise like you.

      1 Rois 18

      3 Ahab called Obadiah, who was over the household. (Now Obadiah feared Yahweh greatly:
      12 It will happen, as soon as I am gone from you, that the Spirit of Yahweh will carry you I don't know where; and so when I come and tell Ahab, and he can't find you, he will kill me. But I, your servant, have feared Yahweh from my youth.

      2 Chroniques 19

      5 He set judges in the land throughout all the fortified cities of Judah, city by city,
      6 and said to the judges, "Consider what you do: for you don't judge for man, but for Yahweh; and he is with you in the judgment.
      7 Now therefore let the fear of Yahweh be on you. Take heed and do it: for there is no iniquity with Yahweh our God, nor respect of persons, nor taking of bribes."
      8 Moreover in Jerusalem Jehoshaphat appointed Levites and priests, and of the heads of the fathers' households of Israel, for the judgment of Yahweh, and for controversies. They returned to Jerusalem.
      9 He commanded them, saying, "Thus you shall do in the fear of Yahweh, faithfully, and with a perfect heart.
      10 Whenever any controversy shall come to you from your brothers who dwell in their cities, between blood and blood, between law and commandment, statutes and ordinances, you shall warn them, that they not be guilty towards Yahweh, and so wrath come on you and on your brothers. Do this, and you shall not be guilty.

      Néhémie 5

      9 Also I said, "The thing that you do is not good. Ought you not to walk in the fear of our God, because of the reproach of the nations our enemies?

      Néhémie 7

      2 that I put my brother Hanani, and Hananiah the governor of the castle, in charge of Jerusalem; for he was a faithful man, and feared God above many.

      Job 29

      16 I was a father to the needy. The cause of him who I didn't know, I searched out.

      Job 31

      13 "If I have despised the cause of my male servant or of my female servant, when they contended with me;

      Psaumes 15

      5 he who doesn't lend out his money for usury, nor take a bribe against the innocent. He who does these things shall never be shaken.

      Psaumes 26

      9 Don't gather my soul with sinners, nor my life with bloodthirsty men;
      10 in whose hands is wickedness, their right hand is full of bribes.

      Proverbes 28

      2 In rebellion, a land has many rulers, but order is maintained by a man of understanding and knowledge.

      Ecclésiaste 12

      13 This is the end of the matter. All has been heard. Fear God, and keep his commandments; for this is the whole duty of man.

      Esaïe 16

      5 A throne will be established in loving kindness. One will sit on it in truth, in the tent of David, judging, seeking justice, and swift to do righteousness.

      Esaïe 33

      15 He who walks righteously, and speaks blamelessly; He who despises the gain of oppressions, who gestures with his hands, refusing to take a bribe, who stops his ears from hearing of blood, and shuts his eyes from looking at evil--

      Esaïe 59

      4 None sues in righteousness, and none pleads in truth: they trust in vanity, and speak lies; they conceive mischief, and bring forth iniquity.
      14 Justice is turned away backward, and righteousness stands afar off; for truth is fallen in the street, and uprightness can't enter.
      15 Yes, truth is lacking; and he who departs from evil makes himself a prey. Yahweh saw it, and it displeased him that there was no justice.

      Jérémie 5

      1 "Run back and forth through the streets of Jerusalem, and see now, and know, and seek in the broad places of it, if you can find a man, if there are any who does justly, who seeks truth; and I will pardon her.

      Ezéchiel 18

      8 he who has not given forth on interest, neither has taken any increase, who has withdrawn his hand from iniquity, has executed true justice between man and man,

      Ezéchiel 22

      12 In you have they taken bribes to shed blood; you have taken interest and increase, and you have greedily gained of your neighbors by oppression, and have forgotten me, says the Lord Yahweh.

      Zacharie 7

      9 "Thus has Yahweh of Armies spoken, saying, 'Execute true judgment, and show kindness and compassion every man to his brother.

      Zacharie 8

      16 These are the things that you shall do: speak every man the truth with his neighbor. Execute the judgment of truth and peace in your gates,

      Luc 18

      2 saying, "There was a judge in a certain city who didn't fear God, and didn't respect man.
      4 He wouldn't for a while, but afterward he said to himself, 'Though I neither fear God, nor respect man,

      Actes 6

      3 Therefore select from among you, brothers, seven men of good report, full of the Holy Spirit and of wisdom, whom we may appoint over this business.

      Actes 20

      33 I coveted no one's silver, or gold, or clothing.

      1 Timothée 3

      3 not a drinker, not violent, not greedy for money, but gentle, not quarrelsome, not covetous;

      1 Timothée 6

      9 But those who are determined to be rich fall into a temptation and a snare and many foolish and harmful lusts, such as drown men in ruin and destruction.
      10 For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil. Some have been led astray from the faith in their greed, and have pierced themselves through with many sorrows.
      11 But you, man of God, flee these things, and follow after righteousness, godliness, faith, love, patience, and gentleness.

      2 Pierre 2

      14 having eyes full of adultery, and who can't cease from sin; enticing unsettled souls; having a heart trained in greed; children of cursing;
      15 forsaking the right way, they went astray, having followed the way of Balaam the son of Beor, who loved the wages of wrongdoing;

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