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So I took the heads of your tribes, wise men, and known, and made them heads over you, captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds, and captains of fifties, and captains of tens, and officers, according to your tribes.
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I commanded your judges at that time, saying, "Hear cases between your brothers, and judge righteously between a man and his brother, and the foreigner who is living with him.
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You shall not show partiality in judgment; you shall hear the small and the great alike; you shall not be afraid of the face of man; for the judgment is God's. The case that is too hard for you, you shall bring to me, and I will hear it."
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You shall make judges and officers in all your gates, which Yahweh your God gives you, according to your tribes; and they shall judge the people with righteous judgment.
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and you shall come to the priests the Levites, and to the judge who shall be in those days: and you shall inquire; and they shall show you the sentence of judgment.
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You shall do according to the tenor of the sentence which they shall show you from that place which Yahweh shall choose; and you shall observe to do according to all that they shall teach you:
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according to the tenor of the law which they shall teach you, and according to the judgment which they shall tell you, you shall do; you shall not turn aside from the sentence which they shall show you, to the right hand, nor to the left.
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The man who does presumptuously, in not listening to the priest who stands to minister there before Yahweh your God, or to the judge, even that man shall die: and you shall put away the evil from Israel.
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Of Levi he said, "Your Thummim and your Urim are with your godly one, whom you proved at Massah, with whom you strove at the waters of Meribah;
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who said of his father, and of his mother, 'I have not seen him;' Neither did he acknowledge his brothers, Nor did he know his own children: For they have observed your word, and keep your covenant.
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They shall teach Jacob your ordinances, and Israel your law. They shall put incense before you, and whole burnt offering on your altar.
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Micaiah said, "Therefore hear the word of Yahweh. I saw Yahweh sitting on his throne, and all the army of heaven standing by him on his right hand and on his left.
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You brought a vine out of Egypt. You drove out the nations, and planted it.
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You cleared the ground for it. It took deep root, and filled the land.
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The mountains were covered with its shadow. Its boughs were like God's cedars.
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It sent out its branches to the sea, Its shoots to the River.
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Why have you broken down its walls, so that all those who pass by the way pluck it?
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The boar out of the wood ravages it. The wild animals of the field feed on it.
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Turn again, we beg you, God of Armies. Look down from heaven, and see, and visit this vine,
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the stock which your right hand planted, the branch that you made strong for yourself.
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It's burned with fire. It's cut down. They perish at your rebuke.
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Solomon had a vineyard at Baal Hamon. He leased out the vineyard to keepers. Each was to bring a thousand shekels of silver for its fruit.
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My own vineyard is before me. The thousand are for you, Solomon; two hundred for those who tend its fruit. Lover
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Hear the word of Yahweh, you rulers of Sodom! Listen to the law of our God , you people of Gomorrah!
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Let me sing for my well beloved a song of my beloved about his vineyard. My beloved had a vineyard on a very fruitful hill.
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He dug it up, gathered out its stones, planted it with the choicest vine, built a tower in its midst, and also cut out a winepress therein. He looked for it to yield grapes, but it yielded wild grapes.
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"Now, inhabitants of Jerusalem and men of Judah, please judge between me and my vineyard.
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What could have been done more to my vineyard, that I have not done in it? Why, when I looked for it to yield grapes, did it yield wild grapes?
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Yet I had planted you a noble vine, wholly a right seed. How then have you turned into the degenerate branches of a foreign vine to me?
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and say, Hear the word of Yahweh, kings of Judah, and inhabitants of Jerusalem: thus says Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel, Behold, I will bring evil on this place, which whoever hears, his ears shall tingle.
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Hear the word of Yahweh, you children of Israel; for Yahweh has a charge against the inhabitants of the land: "Indeed there is no truth, nor goodness, nor knowledge of God in the land.
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You will know that I have sent this commandment to you, that my covenant may be with Levi," says Yahweh of Armies.
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"My covenant was with him of life and peace; and I gave them to him that he might be reverent toward me; and he was reverent toward me, and stood in awe of my name.
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The law of truth was in his mouth, and unrighteousness was not found in his lips. He walked with me in peace and uprightness, and turned many away from iniquity.
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For the priest's lips should keep knowledge, and they should seek the law at his mouth; for he is the messenger of Yahweh of Armies.
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But you have turned aside out of the way. You have caused many to stumble in the law. You have corrupted the covenant of Levi," says Yahweh of Armies.
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"Therefore I have also made you contemptible and base before all the people, according to the way you have not kept my ways, but have had respect for persons in the law.
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"Hear, then, the parable of the farmer.
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But what do you think? A man had two sons, and he came to the first, and said, 'Son, go work today in my vineyard.'
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"Hear another parable. There was a man who was a master of a household, who planted a vineyard, set a hedge about it, dug a winepress in it, built a tower, leased it out to farmers, and went into another country.
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saying, "The scribes and the Pharisees sat on Moses' seat.
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"For it is like a man, going into another country, who called his own servants, and entrusted his goods to them.
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To one he gave five talents, to another two, to another one; to each according to his own ability. Then he went on his journey.
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He began to speak to them in parables. "A man planted a vineyard, put a hedge around it, dug a pit for the winepress, built a tower, rented it out to a farmer, and went into another country.
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When it was time, he sent a servant to the farmer to get from the farmer his share of the fruit of the vineyard.
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They took him, beat him, and sent him away empty.
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Again, he sent another servant to them; and they threw stones at him, wounded him in the head, and sent him away shamefully treated.
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Again he sent another; and they killed him; and many others, beating some, and killing some.
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Therefore still having one, his beloved son, he sent him last to them, saying, 'They will respect my son.'
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But those farmers said among themselves, 'This is the heir. Come, let's kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.'
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They took him, killed him, and cast him out of the vineyard.
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What therefore will the lord of the vineyard do? He will come and destroy the farmers, and will give the vineyard to others.
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Haven't you even read this Scripture: 'The stone which the builders rejected, the same was made the head of the corner.
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This was from the Lord, it is marvelous in our eyes'?"
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They tried to seize him, but they feared the multitude; for they perceived that he spoke the parable against them. They left him, and went away.
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"It is like a man, traveling to another country, having left his house, and given authority to his servants, and to each one his work, and also commanded the doorkeeper to keep watch.
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He said therefore, "A certain nobleman went into a far country to receive for himself a kingdom, and to return.
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He began to tell the people this parable. "A man planted a vineyard, and rented it out to some farmers, and went into another country for a long time.
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At the proper season, he sent a servant to the farmers to collect his share of the fruit of the vineyard. But the farmers beat him, and sent him away empty.
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He sent yet another servant, and they also beat him, and treated him shamefully, and sent him away empty.
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He sent yet a third, and they also wounded him, and threw him out.
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The lord of the vineyard said, 'What shall I do? I will send my beloved son. It may be that seeing him, they will respect him.'
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"But when the farmers saw him, they reasoned among themselves, saying, 'This is the heir. Come, let's kill him, that the inheritance may be ours.'
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They threw him out of the vineyard, and killed him. What therefore will the lord of the vineyard do to them?
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He will come and destroy these farmers, and will give the vineyard to others." When they heard it, they said, "May it never be!"
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But he looked at them, and said, "Then what is this that is written, 'The stone which the builders rejected, the same was made the chief cornerstone?'
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Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces, but it will crush whomever it falls on to dust."
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The chief priests and the scribes sought to lay hands on him that very hour, but they feared the people--for they knew he had spoken this parable against them.
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"I am the true vine, and my Father is the farmer.
Une haie ou clôture servait à protéger la vigne contre toute dévastation du dehors. Le pressoir se creusait, chez les Orientaux, dans la vigne même. Il se composait de deux bassins superposés, dont l'un servait à recevoir les raisins qu'on y jetait pour être foulés ; l'autre, placé en dessous, était destiné à recueillir le moût qui y coulait. Enfin la tour était un édifice de garde, bâti au milieu du vignoble et d'où l'on pouvait le surveiller tout entier. Il n'est pas nécessaire de chercher à ces traits, qui ornent le récit et donnent à la parabole un caractère si pittoresque, un sens symbolique. Ils servent, d'une façon générale, à montrer que le maître de la vigne ne lui épargne aucun soin.
Grec :, il la remit à des agriculteurs et s'expatria. (Voir l'explication de la parabole verset 43, note.) Cela ne veut pas dire que ces agriculteurs auraient à payer en argent le produit annuel de la vigne ; le maître avait conclu avec eux un marché pour la culture de sa vigne ; il devait recevoir tout ou partie de ses produits en nature. (verset 34)
Les hommes traitent le peuple de Dieu de la même manière qu’ils ont traité Christ ici-bas.
Comment pouvons-nous, si nous sommes fidèles à la cause du Seigneur, attendre d’un monde mauvais, ou des opposants à Christ, une opinion favorable à notre égard ?
Nous pouvons nous poser cette question : « nous qui disposons de la vigne (spirituelle), avec tous ses avantages, avons-nous donné nos fruits au bon moment, en tant que peuple, famille, ou individuellement » ?
Notre Sauveur, dans sa question, déclare que le maître de la vigne viendra, et à ce moment, Il détruira inexorablement les méchants.
Les principaux sacrificateurs et les anciens étaient « les bâtisseurs » mentionnés dans ce texte, ils n'admettaient pas la doctrine ni les lois du Seigneur ; ils Le rejetèrent, telle une pierre méprisée. Mais Celui qui a été repoussé par les Juifs, fut accueilli par les Païens.
Christ connait ceux qui porteront les fruits de l’évangile, par l'annonce de la « bonne nouvelle ». L'incrédulité des pécheurs sera leur ruine. Mais Dieu possède de nombreux moyens pour retenir Son courroux ; Il en a d’autres pour disposer les cœurs à la louange. Puisse Christ devenir de plus en plus précieux à nos âmes ; Il est en effet le ferme Fondement et la Pierre angulaire de Son église : Soyons disposés à Le suivre, même si nous sommes méprisés et haïs à cause de Lui !